Neurotoxins are substances that interfere with the normal function of the nervous system, potentially leading to damage or disruption in neural activity. Found in both natural and synthetic forms, they can originate from sources such as venom, bacteria, or industrial chemicals. In the USA, neurotoxins are a subject of extensive study due to their effects on human health and the environment. Common neurotoxins include botulinum toxin, lead, mercury, and certain pesticides. Exposure can result in neurological disorders, with symptoms ranging from mild cognitive impairments to severe paralysis. Understanding neurotoxins is essential for advancing public health measures and regulatory policies.