INFECTIOUS AGENTS AND DISEASES

INFECTIOUS AGENTS

• Virus
• Bacteria
• Fungi
• Protozoa
• Worms

Diseases Caused by Virus

• Common Cold
• Influenza
• Measles
• Mumps
• AIDS
• Chicken Pox
• Hepatitis-B etc...................

COMMON COLD

Symptoms

Influenza(Flu)

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The influenza virus primarily attacks your respiratory tract: your nose, throat, and the tubes that lead to your lungs

Influenza is a virus subtype H1N1 is the subtype of Influenza A virus.

Flu is caused by virus.
It is spread by pigs.

It is Airborne.

Measles

Symptoms

It is caused by Rubeola virus, which belongs to the Paramyxovirus family.

Mumps

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Mumps mostly affects the parotid glands.

AIDS

Symptoms:HIV virus

Full form: Acquired Immune Deficiency Syndrome

CHICKEN POX

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Chickenpox is an infection caused by the varicella-zoster virus.

HEPATITIS-B

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Hepatitis B infection is caused by the hepatitis B virus (HBV). The virus is passed from person to person through blood or other body fluids. It does not spread by sneezing or coughing.

Hepatitis B is an infection of your liver. It can cause scarring of the organ, liver failure, and cancer.

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DISEASES CAUSED BY BACTERIA

• Cholera
• Typhoid
• Tuberculosis
• Tetanus
• Anthrax
• Food Poisoning etc...........

Cholera

Symptoms

A bacterium called Vibrio cholerae causes cholera infection. The deadly effects of the disease are the result of a toxin the bacteria produces in the small intestine. The toxin causes the body to secrete enormous amounts of water, leading to diarrhea and a rapid loss of fluids and salts (electrolytes).

TYPHOID

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Typhoid fever is caused by Salmonella typhi bacteria. It remains a serious health threat in the developing world, especially for children.

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TUBERCULOSIS

There are many types of tuberculosis, but the main two types are termed either active or latent tuberculosis infection.

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Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by a type of bacterium called Mycobacterium tuberculosis. It's spread when a person with active TB disease in their lungs coughs or sneezes and someone else inhales the expelled droplets, which contain TB bacteria.

TETANUS

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Tetanus is an infection caused by bacteria called Clostridium tetani. Another name for tetanus is “lockjaw”.

ANTHRAX

Anthrax is spread by contact with the bacterium's spores, which often appear in infectious animal products. Contact is by breathing, eating, or through an area of broken skin.

Anthrax is a serious infectious disease caused by gram-positive, rod-shaped bacteria known as Bacillus anthracis.

FOOD POISONING

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They can transfer into your body when you eat contaminated food, drink contaminated water, or put anything in your mouth that's come in contact with the feces of an infected person or animal.

In most cases of food poisoning, the food is contaminated by bacteria, such as salmonella.

DISEASE CAUSED BY FUNGI

• Skin Infection

SKIN INFECTION

The symptoms of a skin infection also vary depending on the type. Common symptoms include redness of the skin and a rash.

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A skin infection occurs when parasites, fungi, or germs such as bacteria penetrate the skin and spread.

The main groups of fungi causing skin infections are: Dermatophytes (tinea) Yeasts: Candida, including non-albicans candida species, Malassezia, Piedra.

DISEASES CAUSED BY PROTOZOA

• Malaria
• Kala-Azar
• Amoebic Dysentry
• Sleeping Sickness

MALARIA

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It is caused by Plasmodium parasite. There are many different types of plasmodium parasite, but only 5 types cause malaria in humans.

The plasmodium parasite is spread by female Anopheles mosquitoes, which are known as "night-biting" mosquitoes because they most commonly bite between dusk and dawn.

KALA-AZAR
It is also known as Visceral leishmaniasis, black fever.

SYMPTOMS

• Swelling of
• Spleen
• Liver
• Bone Marrow

AMOEBIC DYSENTRY

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Transmission of amoebic dysentery occurs mainly through the faecal-oral route, including ingestion of faecal contaminated food or water containing the cyst of Entamoeba histolytica.

Amoebic dysentery is caused by the protozoan parasite Entamoeba histolytica. Invasive intestinal parasitic infection can result in symptoms of fulminant dysentery, such as fever, chills, bloody or mucous diarrhoea, and abdominal discomfort.

DISEASES CAUSED BY WORMS

• Elephantiasis
• Intestinal infections etc......

ELEPHANTIASIS

SYMPTOMS

• Chills
• Fever
• Headache

Elephantiasis, also known as lymphatic filariasis, is a very rare condition that’s spread by mosquitoes.
The common name is often used because if you have it, your arms and legs can swell and become much bigger than they should be.It becomes as tough as the elephant skin.

INTESTINAL INFECTION

SYMPTOMS

• Diarrhoea
• Vomiting
• Stomach Ache

Viral gastroenteritis is an intestinal infection marked by watery diarrhea, abdominal cramps, nausea or vomiting, and sometimes fever. The most common way to develop viral gastroenteritis — often called stomach flu —is through contact with an infected person or by ingesting contaminated food or water.

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