WHII - Introduction to Humanism and the Renaissance
Humanism, Renaissance
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PRESENTATION OUTLINE
The Middle Ages between app. 400 AD. to 1400 AD. were nearly a thousand years of war, disease, and famine.
Photo by Faugel
Dark Ages
- The Hundred Years War 1337-1453
- The Black Death killed 75 to 200 million people in Europe, peaking in 1346-1353
- Lacked artistic and cultural output
- Schism within the Catholic Church over who would be the next Pope
- Known as the Middle Ages because it occurred between the Age of Antiquity and the Renaissance
- The Great Famine 1315-1317 / Peasants Revolt
- Known as the Middle Ages because it occurred between the Age of Antiquity and the Renaissance
New intellectual and artistic ideas that
developed during the Renaissance
marked the beginning of the MODERN
WORLD.
Photo by tj.blackwell
ESSENTIAL Question
- What were the artistic, literary, and intellectual ideas of the Renaissance?
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Close up of the painting:
Plato and Aristotle right in the center
The most important thinkers from ancient or classical Greece.
Photo by JustinMN
Untitled Slide
Major trade centers between Europe and the Middle East
The medici family
wealthy patrons of renaissance art
The Medici family, also known as the House of Medici, first attained wealth and political power in Florence in the 13th century through its success in commerce and banking. Beginning in 1434 with the rise to power of Cosimo de’ Medici (or Cosimo the Elder), the family’s support of the arts and humanities made Florence into the cradle of the Renaissance, a cultural flowering rivaled only by that of ancient Greece. The Medicis produced four popes (Leo X, Clement VII, Pius IV and Leon XI), and their genes have been mixed into many of Europe’s royal families. The last Medici ruler died without a male heir in 1737, ending the family dynasty after almost three centuries.
Photo by jean louis mazieres
A patron was someone who commissioned or paid for a piece of art to be created. Patrons would do this to show off their wealth and show how they were good Christians or civic leaders by having themselves placed in the painting.
humanism
- Focused on classical Greek and Roman texts
- Interested in the individual person
- Goal was to live up to human potential and be as great at as many things as possible
Photo by mdwombat
secularism
- People lost faith in the church and its authority
- Thoughts and people moved away from the church
- Opposes the ideas of the Bible
- Focused upon non-religious ideas and cultural advancements
Photo by Machine Project
petrarch
the father of humanism
Petrarch
- 1304-1374, an early Renaissance humanist
- Assembled Greek and Roman writing found in monasteries and churches. Revived Homer and Virgil
- Wrote "Sonnets to Laura" a collection of love poems in the vernacular
Photo by Uncommon Fritillary
Renaissance art
A new style
1. realism and expression
Masaccio 1427 - Expulsion from the garden
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Considered revolutionary
One of the first paintings to show space and depth.
One of the first paintings to show space and depth.
4. Emphasis on individualism
Francesca 1467 - Portraits of the Duke and Duchess of Urbino
“Let some holy ambition invade our souls, so that, dissatisfied with mediocrity, we shall eagerly desire the highest things and shall toil with all our strength to obtain them, since we may if we wish.”
“....man's place in the universe is somewhere between the beasts and the angels, but, because of the divine image planted in him, there are no limits to what man can accomplish....”
Photo by lasse christensen
5. GeometrY
Arrangement of figures
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6. Light & Shadowing/softening
chiaruscaro and sfumato
Chiaruscaro- contrast b/w light and dark
Sfumato- Layers of color promote depth
Sfumato- Layers of color promote depth
Untitled Slide
7. ARtists as personalities/celebrities
Photo by Barack Obama
