Dear Students

Smile: Class Rule 01

Happiness is Beautiful

Rule 2:Make happiness your life goal

Don't be THAT one person PLEASE :)

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evolution 

Tell something about you

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tell me and i will forget.
teach me and i will remember.
engage and i will learn.

you will forget what you read and what you said but you always remember what you experience

Five Cs

Be Confident

Make Comfortable

Be Curious

Be Critical

Be

Questions

• How many assignments? dates? Format? submission?
• What is civility?
• Extra credits?
• What is late submission policy?

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Don't be afraid to ask me. I am a cool guy BTW :)

This Happens to me a lot :)

Tips for an "A"

• Read READ read
• Attend and participate
• No late submission
• Ask me for HELP

Meet with me

Core of anthropology: diversity

Perspective through Identities

Perspectives

position                     

not one way of solving

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If you cant change yourself, do not attempt to change others

Develop a Growth Oriented Mindset

for anthropologist what matters the most

• is view of local people or Insider perspective.
• is not numbers, but meaning
• is bottom up approach
• long stay and holistic understanding of culture
• Value local knowledge

what is not anthropology

Thanks

WELCOME BACK

The Anthropologist: Answer the questions

• What is Anthropology?
• What anthropologist do?
• How anthropological research has changed over times?
• what is the significance of anthropology?

Today

• What is the central concept in anthropology?
• What is culture?
• Why should we study other cultures?
• What is culture?

Anthropology is the study of humans, past and present.

Culture

Scope, Approach & Methods

Biological Anthro

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Archaeologists seek to reconstruct and explain the daily life and customs of prehistoric
peoples from the remains of human cultures

Cahokia

Linguistic Anthro is concerned with the emergence of language and with the
divergence of languages over time (historical linguistics) as well as how contemporary
languages differ, both in construction (descriptive or structural linguistics ) and in actual
speech (sociolinguistics).

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Cultural anthro seeks to understand how and
why of today and the recent past differ in their customary ways of thinking and
acting.

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What is Anthropological?

Cul. anthropologist

C. anthropologist

C.anthropologist

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Why should we study about other cultures

• to understand our shared humanity
• to coexist through embracing cultural differnces
• to learn best practices and model from one another
• solve human problems at micro & micro levels

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Why should we study about other cultures

• https://www.npr.org/sections/goatsandsoda/2017/06/26/534021439/secrets-of-b...
• https://www.npr.org/2012/09/17/161278993/what-drove-early-man-across-globe-...
• https://www.loc.gov/exhibits/mead/field-samoa.html
• https://www.sciencemag.org/news/2016/09/almost-all-living-people-outside-af...

Culture Concept

• What is culture?
• Characteristics of culture
• Culture change

What is culture?

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cultural adaptation

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Characteristics of Culture

learned

shared

symbolic

symbolic

signs are cultural specific

integrated

dynamic

How was the Christmas in Kalahari?

Individual, culture & society

• National/dominant culture
• Sub culture

can be created by a single person

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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=56vv4jOaUwI https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SGWmh-maevk

9/11

LInk https://nowthisnews.com/videos/politics/beto-orourke-on-nfl-players-kneelin...

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Ethnocentrism: evaluation of other cultures according to preconceptions originating in the standards and customs of one's own culture.

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link https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3hvrCNkL9RM

Cultural relativism: is the idea that a person's beliefs, values, and practices should be understood based on that person's own culture, not yours.

America

Sri Lanka

Korea

Labanon

                             Margaret Mead

Questions

• Can cultural relativism coexist with human rights (universalism)
• Is it possible for you to be 100% non-ethnocentric?

link culture concept

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Y3G-IRivyFE&list=RDY3G-IRivyFE#t=0
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XBQfD6asRS4
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=RFCrJleggrI
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3hvrCNkL9RM
• 2 .

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Monday

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May Day Rally- Sri Lanka 

May 1886

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foodway to understand culture

                                           TV 

lost cultures

#NoDAPL

Approch

• holistic

holism

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TODAY! ANTHROPOLOGICAL METHODS, ETHICS, AND CHALLENGES

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Ethnography

• a detailed description of culture/cultural practice. "thick description"- Clifford Geertz

Ethnography

Fieldwork: gathering of anthropological or sociological data through the interviewing and observation of subjects in the field

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Methods: Qualitative (qntive as well)

• participant observation
• interview (formal/infor) Keyinformants
• mapping
• drawing
• story telling
• photos/filming -photovoice

Fieldwork Challenges

• Social acceptance
• distrust and political tension
• Gender,age,ideology, ethnicity, and skin color
• Pysical danger
• Health
• inequality

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Field has changed 

reflexivity 

Ethics

Analysis

Classroom

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"...the field is the only reality" 

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=j0uxqukfBSI 

Welcome back

Sep 15th  Class @ Sunken Garden

Cultural Anthropology

Conflict&Conformity

• Eating Christmas in the Kalahari
• Fieldwork on prostitution
• Nice girls don't to Rastas

Welcome Back

Language

&culture

Indian Boarding Schools

linguistic chauvinism

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• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rmgiOSYvwZI
• http://www.cc.com/video-clips/yitrcp/the-daily-show-with-jon-stewart-hop-on...
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qDshQTBh5d4
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=TM8L7bdwVaA

The Anglo West is the Mexican North, the Native American Homeland and the Asian East. -Ellen DuBois and Vicky Ruiz

West Bank 

Middle East1

Click to add more text here 

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• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=e8YlzbRkPJQ http://www.npr.org/2016/04/05/473139312/uva-study-links-disparities-in-pain... http://www.sciencefriday.com/episodes/september-23-2016/ http://www.census.gov/topics/population/race/about.html​

RACE

ARE WE SO DIFFERENT?

Race and Racism

Does Race Still Matter in USA? How?

Are We Living in a Post-racial America?

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Can you think other areas of racial dispartieis? 

Race: Social Construction

Your Construction & US Census

• White
• Black/african 1. white
• Middle-eastern
• Latino 4. Middle-eastern
• Brazilian
• Indian
• Asian
• Native American
• Mexican 10. Pacific Islanders

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scientific logic vs cultural logic

WORLD RACIAL MAP

move next to someone wearing as same color as you are

Anth of Identity&Personality

Bacha Bazi- Afghanistan

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identities 

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category&spectrum

Subsistance

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=QP4f0WmHqTA
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7kOamt9o0hA
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=VcL3BQeteCc
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=vbIQF72IDuw​

Subsistance & Adaptation

Culture, Food, Ecology & Adaptation

Food Foraging Socities

Food Growing Socities

Indistrialized Socities

Industrialized Societies

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Food Alienation

Food and Environment

Paradox of Green Revolution

Economic Systems

Economic System

Economic System: 3 Modes of Production

• Reciprocity (General & Balanced)
• Distribution & Exchange
• Market Exchange

Kula Ring

Potlatch (NW N.Americans)

Market Exchange

The Kardashian Economy Is Thriving - Forbes

The Kardashian Economy Is Thriving - Forbes

culture of distribution

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Richest and Poorest

• Arlington ($127000), Fairfax, Loudon
• Lee, Radford, and Dickenson ($34000)

South Carolina: The Corridor of Shame

• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rjY69hO0fxk

Economic Globalization

Marriage

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Monogamy 

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Taboo

Taboo

Incest taboo

               Cousin Marriage 

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age

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Dowry and Bride Price

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technology & choice

loyalty

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DL and more

choice and residence

• Martrilocal
• Patrilocal
• Neolocal

Residence: patrilocal, matrilocal, neolocal, and avancalocal 

changing marriage

gay marriage

divorce and seperation

https://www.npr.org/2017/12/13/570131890/as-marriage-standards-change-a-the...

Factors

• migration
• demographic change
• education
• colonialism
• economy/occupation
• war
• technology

Function of Marriage

Anthropology of Kinship

Anthropology of Kinship 

what is kinship?

what is kinship?

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type of relatives

• biological-blood
• social-marriage/adoption
• ritualistic- religious
• supernational

basis of & functions

• biological: reproduction&dependant
• social-property rights/division of labor/economic activities/political
• ritual: moral proxies
• supernational: lineage authority

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matrilineal

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kinship

• (1)Kinship assigns guidelines for interactions between per­sons. It defines proper, acceptable role relationship between father- daughter, brother-sister etc. (2)Kinship determines family line relationships, gotra and kula. (3)Kinship decides who can marry with whom and where marital relationship are taboo. (4)Kinship helps us to determine the rights and obligations of the members in all the sacraments and religious practices starting from birth to death. (5)Kinship system maintains solidarity of relationships. (6)In rural and tribal societies kinship or kinship relations de­termine the rights and obligations of the family and marriage, system of production and political power. (7)Kinship through its different usages regulates the behaviour of different kin. (8)Kinship helps in (through kinship terms) designating kin of various types such as classificatory and descriptive. (9)Kinship through its usages creates special groupings of kin. (10)Kinship rules govern the role relationships among kins. (11)Kinship acts as a regulator of social life. (12)Kinship influences ownership of land, concept of wealth and the system of production and its use.
• http://www.yourarticlelibrary.com/sociology/the-functions-bases-classes-and...

kinship

• Can friends be part of our kinship system? Why or why not?
• Can your gf/bf be included in your kinship chart?
• Why kinship systems vary across cultures?
• How do we use kinship relationship as a cultural capital?

Interest groups: Beyond Kinship

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Beyond Kinship: Interest Groups/Status

Gulabi Gang: Beyond Kinship

Indian Farmers rally: Beyond Kinship

Women's March: Beyond Kinship

Bikers: Beyond Kinship

Social Media

Stratification

Slavery

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Politics, Power, and Authority

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Band: Bushman

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Tribe: Cherokee

Kahokia: Cheifdom

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Power and Authority

• P is force to influence (coercion and obedirance)
• A is exercising as justified by law/custom (socially accepted rules)
• Monarchy, theocracy, aristocracy, and democracy

 State: Political institution established to manage & defend a complex stratified society in defined territory   

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nation: people who share a collective identity based on culture,language,land,and history

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Govt vs politics

• P is the process and relationship cooperation,conflict, and power
• G is legal & constitutional entity: source of law, order, and legit force.

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conflict and violence

conflict and violence

Gender & Politics

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women politics & power

Control

Control

social inequality and the law

conflict resolution

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Sambradaya Sun 

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Anth of Religion

what is religion?

Why do we have religion?

attributes of religion

• origin myth
• standard organization
• morality/moral precepts
• maintain social order
• fulfills psychological needs/stress

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Religion: peaceful or violent

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Changing Religions

Women and Religion

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links

• http://www.npr.org/sections/parallels/2017/11/01/560012788/its-our-right-ch...
• https://www.aclu.org/issues/national-security/discriminatory-profiling/nati...

Arts

Is Art Universal

Is Art Important?

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ads: do they serve the purpose art?

Culture Change

a process: deliberate or non-deliberate

CULTURE CHANGE

Climatic conditions

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New knowledge or idea

Technological innovations

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Political Events

Social movement

Laws

Diffusion

• Christmas in Indian Mall

Diffusion

• Christmas in Saudi Mall

Diffusion

• Christmas in Thailand

Diffusion

Acculturation

• assimilation to a different culture

Culture Loss

• Rapa Nui: Easter Island

Culture Loss

• Incas

Repressive Change

• Acculturation & ethnicide

Repressive Change

Culture Loss

Reactions to Change

• Syncretism: Galah Culture
• Revitalization: Cargo Cult
• Rebellion

Syncretism

Revitalization

Rebellion:Zapatista

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why anthropology

why anthropology

safe for human difference 

solve human problems through cultural understanding 

alternative thinking 

think beyond (individualism) 

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rejected unilineal approach & believed that all humans evolve in similar, straightforward pattern toward “civilization”. All have same pattern of thinking

Franz Boas 1858-1942

Emphasis on cultural relativism
Focused on collection of empirical data
Concerned about cultural change and loss of unique cultures

Bronislaw Malinowski
1858-1942

-Set the standard for ethnographic field work with his studies in Trobriand Islands
- Emphasized immersing oneself in the culture completely
-Focused on the individual’s actions within the framework of society’s social structure
-Emphasis on “holism”
-Believed inborn human needs were impetus behind development of social institutions (functionalism)

A.R. Radcliffe-Brown
1881-1955

-Developed theory of structural-functionalism
-Saw the acting individual as less important, emphasizing instead the social institutions
-All social and cultural institutions are functional in maintaining overall social structure of a society.

what ANTHROPOLOGISTs do?

how people are organized,
governed, make meaning

concerned with the description and explanation of reality.

Story Circle

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holism

Over weight or obesity

to understand humanity, power, insider meaning, inclusion, deconstruct dominant narratives, effective social policy

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Linguistic

Biological

culture

Ethnocentrism

Cultural relativism

culture bound theory

eating in different cultures

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what is culture?

what we will dicuss

• culture as a dynamic form of adaptation
• distinction between culture, society, and ethnicity
• characteristics f culture
• relationship between culture and society
• ethnocentrism vs cultural relativism

cultural adaptation

what is adaptive

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enculturation

is integrated

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is dynamic

subcultures

a SUBCULTURE shares sets of distinctive standards and behavior patterns while sharing the common standards

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what are some sub-cultures you know

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function of culture

• production & distribution
• ensure biological continuity 
• provides social structure for RP and s.support 
• pass on knowledge and enculturate new members
• facilitate social interactions and avoid/resolve conflicts 

cont....

• meets psychological and emotional needs
• teaches a worldview that helps to face  challenges
• teaches other activities  to survive and thrive

culture change

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how is our national culture doing?

SIMPLE CRITERIA used

• nutritional status 
• physical and mental health
• violence, crime, and deliquency
• demographic struture
• stability and tranquility of domestic life

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