vocabulary

38th parallel

• dividing line between North and South korea

Ashima

• the principle of nonviolence toward all living things

Bay of pigs invasion

• 1961 failed invasion of Cuba by a C.I.A led force of Cuban exiles

Berlin aircraft

• program in which U.S and British pilots flew supplies to west Berlin during a soviet blockade.

Containment

• policy of keeping communism contained within its existing borders.

Domino theory

• idea that if a nation falls to communism, its closest neighbors will also fall under communism control

free enterprise

• an economic system in which private business operates in competition and largely free of state

Glasnost

• Russian term for openness a policy in soviet union the 1980`s calling for open discussion of national problems

Guerilla warfare

• nontraditional combat methods

Gulf of tonkin

• 1964 congressional resolution that authorized president Johnson to commit U.S troops to south Vietnam and fight a war against North Vietnam

Hotspots

• a small area or region with a relatively hot temperature in comparison to its surroundings

Nuclear deterrence

• nuclear weapon are intended to deter other states from attacking with their nuclear weapons through the promise of retaliation and possibly mutually assured destruction

Perestroika

• a policy in the soviet union in the late 1980s calling for restructing of the stagnant soviet economy.

Refugee

• a person who has been forced to leave their country in order to escape war persecution or natural disaster.

Superpower

• powerful country that plays a dominant economic, political, and military role in the world

Truman Doctrine

• president Truman`s promise to help nations struggling against communist movement

United Nations

• organization founded in 1945 to promote peace

Warsaw Pact

• military alliance of the soviet union and its satellite states

Yalta Conference

• 1945 strategy meeting between Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin

Zionism

• the developement and protection of jewish nation in what is now isreal

Fidel Castro

• a Cuban revolutionary and politican who governed the republic of cubas prime minister from 1959 to 1976

Winston Churchill

• an english political leader and author of the twentieth century he became prime minister shortly after world war II began and served through the war

Mikhail Gorbachev

• Soviet statesman whose foreign policy brought an end to the cold war and whose domestic policy introduced major reforms

John F Kennedy

• A Democratic party political leader of the twentieth centuryhe was president from 1961 to 1963, his election began great optimism in the united states

Nikita Khrushchev

• Soviet statesman and premier who denounced stalin (1894-1971), national leader solon statesman respected leader in national or international affairs.

Douglas Macaurthur

• An American general who commanded the south west Pacific in world war II (1939-1945), oversaw the successful allied occupation of post war Japan led the United Nations forces in Korean war (1950-1953)

Nelson Mandela

• A leading member of the African National Congress (A.N.C) which opposed south Africa`s white minority government and its policy of racial seperation known as apartheid. the government outlawed the A.N.C in 1960

Ho CHi Minh

• Vietnamese communist statesman president of north Vietnam 1954-1969 born Nguyen that thanh

Ronald Reagan

• Political leader of the twentieth century elected president in 1980 and 1984. he became a leading spokesman for conversatism in the United States

Mao Zedong

• Chinese communist leader and theorist. A founder of the Chinese communist party (1921), he commanded troops in the Chinese civil war (1927-1949)and proclaimed the people republic of China in 1949