Unit 4 Vocabulary
Published on Dec 11, 2015
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PRESENTATION OUTLINE
The RENAISSANCE are the movement of art + culture in Italy in the 1300s that later spread to the rest of Europe. The Renaissance were born out of European curiosity.
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WESTERNIZATION was the spread of ideas + values from Europe to the western world. By the end of the 18th century, Europe became a dominant force, influencing other land culturally.
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ABSOLUTISM was a system where monarchs or another type of ruler enjoys unlimited power. Louis XIV, the king of France from 1643 to 1715, embodied the principal of absolutism.
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Shared by many monarchs, DIVINE RIGHT is the belief that a rulers power is given by God + cannot be questioned. Not an original belief system, China's Mandate of Heaven was similar.
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Starting in the 16th century, the COMMERCIAL REVOLUTION was the rapid expansion of trade + commerce in Europe. This rapid expansion of business fueled by overseas trade + colonization made Europe stronger.
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CAPITALISM describes a privately owned economic system in which the markets determine how the resources are distributed. As commercial activity spread throughout Europe, living standards were risen.
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SECULAR refers to being concerned with worldly (non-religious) rather than spiritual matters. Science is argued to be the cause of our existence, rather than spiritual happenings.
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CONQUISTADORS are soldier of the Portuguese and Spanish empires who captured the Americas.
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MESTIZOS are those who have European and Native American descent. There are a lot of mixed people in our world today.
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INFLATION is the increase in general price of services and goods in an economy over a period of time. Inflation reminds me of gas prices.
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THE COLUMBIAN EXCHANGE refers to the exchange of life and ideas from the Americas to the Afro-Eurasian hemispheres. This movement reminds me of the Silk Road.
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THE GREAT DYING was the period of time when disease went from European community to European community, killing 50% of native population. The spread of deadly disease made the European conquest of the Americas much easier.
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HUMANISM refers to the belief in the value of the individual. They combined religious faith with a secular interest in human society and the natural world.
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REFORMATION is the religious movement that split the Catholic Church and gave birth to Protestant religion. It began in 1517 with the actions of Martin a Luther, a German monk and teacher.
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The SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION was a shift in thinking about the study of nature that began in the mid-1500s and moved beyond religious teachings. The methods and discoveries of science would have profound impact on the world.
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ENLIGHTENMENT was an 18th century movement that sought to apply scientific methods to the study of society and it's problem. Some European monarchs were drawn to the Enlightenment and tried to govern according to its principles.
Photo by Ed Bierman
