TUNDRA

Biome is a community of animals and plants in a distinct region

There are 2 tundra
Arctic and Alpine

Where are the tundras located?

Arctic tundra is located in the northern hemisphere, encircling the north pole and extending south to the coniferous forests of the taiga.


Alpine tundra is located on mountains throughout the world at high altitude where trees cannot grow

Terrain

The terrain The terrain of the tundra is different than other biomes. The first few meters of soil are completely frozen as the rich fertile soil lies underneath. Only small bushes and dwarf trees grow in the tundra. Because of all the frozen ground thawing out at times, there are many bogs, streams and lakes in the tundra.

Elevation
The Arctic Tundra ranges from 300 to 11,079 feet in elevation. Its highest point is a mountain, in Watkins Range, Greenland. The Antarctic Tundra has an elevation of about 4,125 feet. South Georgia has a elevation of 8,802 feet and the Kerguelen Islands has a high elevation of 5,550 feet.Dec 12, 2013

CHARACTERISTICS

• extremely cold climate
• Low biotic diversity
• Simple vegetation structure
• Limitation of drainage such
• Season of growth and reproduce
• Energy and nutrients in form of dead organic matter
• Large population oscillations

ARTIC

ANIMALS IN THE ARTIC

• Herbivorous mammals: lemmings, voles, caribou, arctic hares and squirrels
• Carnivorous mammals: arctic foxes, wolves, and polar bears
• Migrating birds: ravens, snow buntings, falcons, loons, ravens, sandpipers, terns, snow birds, and various species of gulls
• Insects: mosquitoes, flies, moths, grasshoppers, blackflies and arctic bumble bees
• Fish: cod, flatfish, salmon, and trout

PLANTS IN ARCTIC

• low shrubs, sedges,
• reindeer mosses, liverworts, and grasses
• 400 varieties of flowers crustose and foliose lichen

ALPINE

ANIMALS IN THE ALPINE TUNDRA

• Mammals: pikas, marmots, mountain goats, sheep, elk
• birds: grouse like birds
• Insects; springtails, grasshopper, beetles, and butterflies.

PLANTS IN THE ALPINE

• 400 varieties of flowers crustose and foliose lichen
• low shrubs, sedges, reindeer mosses, liverworts, and grasses

CLIMATE
The growing season ranges from 50 to 60 days.

Precipitation is C
Precipitation
150 to 250 mm of rain per year
Vegetation
Almost no trees due to short growing season and permafrost; lichens, mosses, grasses, sedges, shrubs

PEOPLE DO LIVE IN THEY TUNDRA BUT THEY HAVE NO VALUABLE RESOURCES JUST NATURAL RESOURCES