It's a complex disorder likely caused by a combination of inherited (genetic) and environmental factors. Chemicals in the brain that transmit nerve impulses (neurotransmitters), including dopamine and serotonin, might play a role.
Having a family history of Tourette syndrome or other tic disorders might increase the risk of developing Tourette syndrome. Males are about three to four times more likely than females to develop Tourette syndrome.
The data from 2011-12 showed that approximately 1 out of every 360 children 6 through 17 years of age in the United States had been diagnosed with TS; this represented about 138,000 children.
If a child has symptoms of Tourette's, your doctor may want you to see a neurologist, a specialist who treats diseases of the nervous system.
There a neurologist will run image tests with an MRI and CT scan of the brain to rule out other conditions.