JAMES K. POLK

• Hostilities rose between U.S and Mexico
• He was the President in 1845 - 1849
• Beilived that War with Mexico would gain:
• Texas, New Mexico and California into the Union

Slidell's Rejection

• Santa Anna was ousted as president
• in 1845 polk sent a emissary named John Slidell
• he was sent to buy New Mexico, California and the border of Texastt at Rio Grande
• the Mexicans refused to receive Slidell causing a blockade at Rio Grande

Sectional Attitudes Towards War

• Southerners wanted to extend slavery and increase power of Congress
• Wilmont Proviso proposed prohibited slavery in lands gained by Mexico
• Northerners opposed the War
• Antislavery and Abolitionists saw the war to help expand slavery

Kearny Marches West

• Stephan Kearny marched across the desert to St. Fe New Mexico
• He was nicknamed "the Long Marcher" because he crossed 800 miles
• U.S. gained New Mexico without a shot fired
• Kearny then began a trek to Southern California

The Republic of California

• 12,000 Mexican settlers moved to California in the 1830s
• Polk offers to buy California in 1845
• 1864 California declared independence from Mexico

The War in Mexico

• The American invasion on Mexico lasted 1 year
• The invasion was lead by Zachary Taylor and Winfield Scott
• Santa Anna ordered an attack on Taylor's troops
• Winfield Scott didn't lose a battle after capturing Mexico City

Winfield Scott

• Nicknamed "Old Rough and Ready"
• Always whore a full-dress blue uniform with a yellow sash
• Covered 260 miles without losing a single battler

America Gains Spoils of the War

• Mexico is down about 25,000 troops
• Mexico has also lost half its marked land
• America's victory came at the cost of about 13,000 lives
• 2,000 of them died in battle and 11,000 died from disease

Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo

• Feb 2, 1848 Mexico and U.S. signed this Treaty
• Ended the War and gave California and New Mexico to the U.S
• U.S. payed 15 million for Mexican cession
• Mexicans had freedom of Religion, protection of property and open boarders

Gadsden Purchase

• 1853, U.S purchasing land from Mexico
• This established the present day boundary
• James Gadsden paid Mexico an extra 10 million
• His purchase included territory South of Gila River

Taylor's Election in 1848

• Democratic's nominated Lewis Cass for President
• Antislavery Democrats nominated Martin Van Buren
• The Whig's nominated Taylor who easily won

California Gold Rush

• Jan 1848 James Marshall discovered gold
• He was a carpenter in California, it was found at Sierra Mill
• The word spread rapidly to the East

The Rush Begins

• People began to travel towards Sacramento Valley
• May 29th the whole country wanted to have gold
• Forty niners were people that migrated to California in 1848

Walter Cotton

• Was the Mayor of Monetary during 1848
• Said that people were all dropping there jobs for this gold rush
• The only ones that stayed behind were women and prisoners

Impact on Gold Fever

• In 1850, 35,000 travels were in California
• The San Francisco harbor was full from sailors
• San Francisco became a predemonium city at this time

Louisa Clapp

• Moved to California from New England
• Found it hard too find gold like everyone else
• Left her whole life in New England and barely found gold

Gold Rush Brings Diversity

• 1849, California population exceeded to 100,000
• The Chinese began too come to Cali in search of gold
• As well as free black slaves
• Eventually Mexicans travel up in search of profit

CALIFORNIA STATE PROTEST

• California eventually applies for statehood
• Provoked fiery protest in Congress
• California won statehood in 1850

Interesting Facts

• In two years California population increased by 34,000
• African American slaves were able to mine for gold when freed
• Even people wealthy plantation owners left there jobs for gold

THE END