PRESENTATION OUTLINE
American farmers have maintained an image as independent and self-reliant, they have faced many interdependent relationships for equipment,supplies, transportation,and marketing.
As early as 1849, the Chicago-based Prairie Farmer began urging northern Illinois farmers to form associations and cooperatives in order to minimize their costs while maximizing their profits.
Within 20 years, Prairie Farmers blamed the railroad monopolies,elevator owners, and the Chicago Board of Trade for the declining fortunes of farmers.
The Granger movement is a coalition of U.S. farmers, particularly in the Middle West, that fought monopolistic grain transport practices during the decade following the American Civil War. The Granger movement began with a single individual, Oliver Hudson Kelley.
The Grange Movement ,1875. The Patrons of Husbandry, or the Grange, was founded in 1867 to advance methods of agriculture, as well as to promote the social and economic needs of farmers in the United States.
The Granger Laws were a series of laws passed in several midwestern states of the United States, namely Minnesota, Iowa, Wisconsin, and Illinois, in the late 1860s and early 1870s. [ 1] The Granger Laws were promoted primarily by a group of farmers known as the Grange.
Causes of the granger laws:The main goal of the Grange was to regulate rising fare prices of railroad and grain elevator companies after the American Civil War.
Effects of the granger laws:
all of the involved states shared the same idea to make pricing of railroad rates more favorable to farmers, small rural farmers in particular, in the states.
Effects of the granger laws:
This common desire was a result of the laws being promoted heavily in state politics by the National Grange of the Patrons of Husbandry (Grange).
How did farmers respond to the problems they faced in the late 19th century?
To deal with the economic problems of the late 19th century, many farmers formed groups to manage their land better as to try and not overproduce. It was overproduction that caused the prices to drop and the economic problems.
