The First Battle of Bull Run
Published on Nov 19, 2015
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PRESENTATION OUTLINE
THE FIRST BATTLE OF BULL RUN
JULY 21, 1861
UNION TROOPS
- 35,000 volunteer troops were gathered in federal capital
- Most were ill-prepared
- General McDowell pushed for postponement of advancement
- Lincoln forced McDowell to go, reasoning that the South had amateur soldiers as well
GENERAL McDOWELL
- At the beginning of the war named Brigadier General because of connection to Secretary of the Treasury
- After losing First Battle of Bull Run he was replaced by General George B. McClellan
- McDowell sent to protect D.C.
- Sent to Second Battle of Bull Run but was defeated again
- Sent to command the Dept. of the Pacific
CONFEDERATE TROOPS
- General P.G.T. Beauregard was in control of over 20,000 rebels near the Bull Run River
- After confederate spies learned of the impending attack, General Johnston brought 11,000 soldiers to help out Beauregard
- Most of these soldiers were inexperienced and amateur
P.G.T. BEAUREGARD
- Born in Louisiana
- Joined US Army
- Resigned from Army before Civil War
- Ordered first shots of the Civil War during bombardment of Ft. Sumter
- Instrumental in victory of First Battle of Bull Run
- Later moved to defense of Charleston, SC where he continued to defend the Confederacy from Union naval attacks
JOSEPH E. JOHNSTON
- Veteran of the Mexican-American War
- One of the South's most senior officers at the beginning of the war
- After victory at Bull Run was criticized for being quick to retreat
- In April 1865 surrendered to General William T Sherman in North Carolina
IMPACT OF THE BATTLE
- Despite a confederate victory, they were too disorganized to pursue Union troops who retreated to Washington
- Const some 3,000 Union casualties and some 1,750 Confederate ones
- Destroyed hope of a quick victory for the North and sparked a false belief in achieving a swift victory in the South
