THE BRAIN

FRONTAL LOBE

• Frontal and upper part of your cortex
• Carries out thnking, processing, and decision making
• Personality is formed here

PARIETAL LOBE

• Upper and back part of the cortex
• Sensory info such as taste smell, and feeling
• If damaged one lose may the ability to feel anything

OCCIPITAL LOBE

• At the back part of the cortex
• Controls most of visual processing
• People would be unable to understand anything that they saw if damaged

TEMPORAL LOBE

• Middle part of the cortex the wards the bottom behind the temples
• Auditory senses
• Damage to this can cause loss of memory and trouble speaking

VISUAL CORTEX

• Controls most of the eyesight
• Located at the back of the brain
• Using the optic nerve, one is able to see visuals

AUDITORY CORTEX

• Located near the temporal lobe
• Distinguishes sound and different frequencies
• Develops in early infancy

MOTOR CORTEX

• Voluntary movement and left side controls rights side of body
• Located at back of frontal lobe
• Sends currents to muscles to make them move

SOMATOSENSORY CORTEX

• Front part of parietal lobe
• Receives and processes info from senses
• This is where people’s brains say what color they see

CEREBRUM

• Contains all lobes previously listed
• Reasoning, thinking, memory, and all conscious thinking
• Gray matter and white tissue make up majority of this part

CEREBELLUM

• Lower part of the brain beneath the pons
• Responsible for balance and coordination
• Most voluntary movements

HOMUNCULUS

• Different parts of the brain
• Distorted picture of how much a part of the brain corresponds to parts of the body

BROCA’S AREA

• Speech production, facial control, and language processing
• Left portion of the frontal lobe
• It took 150 Years for scientists to discover function

WERNICK’S AREA

• Back part of temporal lobe but exact location can vary
• Language, memory, and orgianization

THALAMUS

• Part of forebrain, below corpus callosum
• Relays info from sensory receptors to different parts of brain
• If damaged, no info would be able to go to parts of the brain

MEDULLA

• Lower part of the brain stem
• Carries out breathing, heart rate, and swallowing
• Sensory and motor neurons travel through here

PONS

• Sits directly above the medulla
• Coordinates movement
• Plays key role in sleeping, dreaming, and REM sleep

MID-BRAIN

• Top of the brain stem
• Functions of vision, hearing, eye and body movement
• Diseases such as Parkinson’s affect this part of the brain

AMYGDALA

• Lima bean sized bundle of neurons in the midbrain
• Processes memory and storage of long term memory
• If taken away, fears can be forgotten

HYPOTHALAMUS

• Small structure under thalamus
• Hunger, thirst, sleep, body temp, blood pressure, emotions, and secretions of hormones
• If you are too hot or cold, this will tell your body to warm up or cool down

PINEAL GLAND

• Small, on the back of hypothalamus
• Regulates internal clock and circadian rhythms by secreting melatonin
• Some think this is where spiritual awakenings happen

CORPUS CALLOSUM

• Connects left and right hemispheres
• Allows info to pass from left to right side
• Contains over 200 million axons

FUN FACTS

• The human brain can generate 23 Watts of power when awake
• When drunk, the brain is incapable of forming memories, hence why you don’t remember anything
• Your brain will still switch over to the right side every 90 to 120 minutes and then back again
• Mirror neurons cause one to remember certain pains. For example same pain area will light up in your own brain causing you to flinch if someone stubs their toe
• The slowest speed information passes around your brain is approximately 260 mph