SECTION 1

ANDES MOUNTAINS

ANDES FACTS

• Mountains in South America.
• They run through Ecuador, Bolivia, and Chile.
• There are 5 climates.
• Has a broad high plateau called altiplano.
• Because two tectonic plates meet at the region's edge.

GALAPAGOS ISLANDS

GALAPAGOS FACTS

• Water collects in to large lakes.
• The large island south of the strait is Tierra del Fuego.
• Chile and Ecuador both control large islands in the Pacific Ocean.
• Andean glaciers are the source for many tributaries of the Amazon River.
• Lake Titicaca is the highest lake in the world.

CLIMATE ZONES

CLIMATE ZONE FACTS

• Lowest zone, zone crops grow there well.
• First zone, humid tropical climate with tropical rain forest.
• Second zone, moist climate with mountain forest.
• Third zone, forest and grasslands.
• Fifth zone, it is very cold.

ATACAMA DESERT

ATACAMA DESERT FACTS

• This desert is 600 miles long.
• Rain falls there less than five times a century .
• Fog and low clouds are common there.
• They form when a cold current in the Pacific Ocean chills the warmer air.
• Coastal Chile is one of the cloudiest and driest places on Earth.

EL NIÑO

EL NIÑO FACTS

• An ocean and weather pattern that affects the Pacific coast is El Naño.
• During an El Niño year Pacific water near the coast warms.
• El Niño causes heavy rains and areas along the coast experience flooding.
• About every two to seven years an El Niño accurs.
• This change may cause extreme ocean and weather events that can have global affects.

NATURAL RESOURCES

• Oil and gas reserves.
• Deposits of tin, gold, silver, lead, and zinc.
• Exports of copper deposits.
• They have minerals.
• They also have tin.

WATER AND ISLANDS