Australopithecus afarensis were the first early hominids to walk on two feet in Africa, 3-4 million years ago. They used this by protecting their babies and gathering food easier.
Homo Erectus were the first people in Europe and Asia to use advanced stone tools1.8million-200,000 bce. They used them to skin animals and chop down trees.
Aa were the first people to have shelters in Africa, 3-4 million years ago. They lived in caves and crude shelters. This allowed them to be dry when it rains and it serves as protection.
In the Neolithic age people used agriculture which is the domestication of animals and farming. They did this in all Neolithic settlements by planting stuff and using animals for things. They used sheep goats and cattle.
In Sumer, people had irrigation systems to water their fields from far away. This also created problems because it would wash away dirt and clog it up. This was bad because if it got clogged up, the whole system would stop.
Now we use these in different ways. We have hoses and sewers. Some kids build the old irrigation systems because it is fun to play in. This invention was very important.
Sumer used a plow in their farms to make it faster to plow. They used a plow to till soil, and used horses to pull them. They put animal horns on the ends of it, and would put that into the ground.
We still use plows today. We don't have animal horns on them and they aren't pulled by horses, but we still use them. Now they are pulled by tractors. Some people probably still use horses.
Organized armies were important because they get in a lot of fights over land. Their king led them and they had trained soldiers. Some of them were not trained and only temporary. The trained people drove chariots.
We still use the same kind of armies today! We only have one difference, kings don't lead ours, other soldiers do. Today we have nor than one force, we have army, navy and more.