Software.Operating systems.

What is OS?

• Operating System is a software, which makes a computer to actually work.
• It is the software the enables all the programs we use.
• The OS organizes and controls the hardware.
• OS acts as an interface between the application programs and the machine hardware.
• Examples: Windows, Linux, Unix and Mac OS, etc.,

What OS does?
An operating system performs basic tasks such as:
-controlling and allocating memory,
-prioritizing system requests,
-controlling input and output devices,
-facilitating networking
-managing file systems.

Structure of operating systems

• Application programs (this is dependent on users need. Ex. Railway reservation system, Bank database management etc.,)
• System programs(this layer consists of compilers, Assemblers, linker etc.)
• Software (software includes process management routines, memory management routines, I/O control routines, file management routines.)
• Hardware(Hardware consists of CPU, Main memory, I/O Devices, etc,)

TYPES OF OS:

• Single User Systems Provides a platform for only one user at a time. They are popularly associated with Desk Top operating system which run on standalone systems where no user accounts are required. Example: DOS
• Multi-User Systems Provides regulated access for a number of users by maintaining a database of known users. Refers to computer systems that support two or more simultaneous users. Another term for multi-user is time sharing. Ex: All mainframes and are multi-user systems. Example: Unix

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