Soar the Skies:

Introduction

• The Jovian planets are the four most distant planets from the Sun, the central star of our Solar system. Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus, Neptune are known for their immense size, lack of a solid surface, and gaseous composition. This presentation will detail what each individual Jovian planet is and their significance.

Jupiter: The Gas Giant
rotation axis: 3.13°

Jupiter's details

• Jupiter is 484 million miles, or 779 million kilometers from the Sun.
• A gaseous planet, Jupiter is composed largely of helium and hydrogen. It's core is a conglomeration of liquid hydrogen and helium.

THE INTRICACIES OF SATURN

• It's orbit around the Sun endure close to 12 Earth years, however it's days are close to ten hours; less than half of Earth's revolution.
• The largest atmosphere in the totality of the Solar system, Jupiter's gaseous state is separated into varying layers of gas considered its atmosphere.

Jupiter's Details

• Interestingly enough, Jupiter has no concrete surface to land on as the planet itself is composed of hydrogen and helium; thus, its' surface is defined as "the point where the atmospheric pressure is equal to that of Earth."
• Jupiter's name is derived from the Greek god Zeus, and the Roman King of gods; largely due to it's size.

Jupiter's Details

• Jupiter has an immense amount of moons as another consequence of it's size, standing at 67 current satellites. The largest four are commonly studied by astronomers and are known as Io, Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto, or the Galilean moons, first observed by Galileo Galilei.
• Jupiter’s ring system, the Jovian ring system, are all made up of dust and small pieces of rocks.

Saturn: The Ringed Planet
rotation axis: ~27°

intricacies of saturn

• Saturn, the sixth planet from the Sun is approximately 930.76 million miles or 1.4 billion kilometers from its’ sta.
• Like the other Gas Giants, Saturn is composed nearly entirely of gas (Hydrogen and Helium). Despite this it it believed to have a solid core of iron and rock, close to the size of Earth and surrounded by gasses

The intricacies of saturn

• Saturns immense distance from the Earth provides an explanation for its 11,000 day revolution around the Sun. Like Jupiter, however, it’s days are significantly shorter than the Earths, with Saturns rotation on its axis taking only 10 hours.
• Saturn has a similar atmospheric composition to its neighbor Jupiter, made of hydrogen and helium. It’s atmosphere is immensely thick and nebulous, andinhabitable.

The intricacies of saturn

• There is little tangible surface on this gaseous planet due to its composition of hydrogen.
• Saturns name is derived from the Roman god of agriculture as well as the god of time; significant due to the fact that this planet has the longest revolution around the Sun. Moreover, Roman mythology states that Saturn was the father of Jupiter.

the intricacies of saturn

• Saturn is known for its extensive ring system that extend around the planet; composed nearly entirely of water ice, mixed with rock fragments.
• Saturn, like Jupiter, has a staggering number of moons and satellites, with over 50 moons still being observed today. These moons vary greatly in size and condition.

Uranus: The Ice Giant
Rotational axis: 97:9°

facts and figures of uranus

• The distant Uranus is nearly 1.842 billion miles or 2.5 billion kilometers away from the Sun.
• Uranus has a distinctive composition, consisting of a rocky metallic core like the other Jovian planets in the center, however it does have an icy mantle and a gaseous hydrogen and helium “surface”.

FACTS AND FIGURES OF URANUS

• Uranus is the second to last planet in the solar system, hence its revolution around the Sun is quite elongated: one revolution around the Sun is 84 Earth years, though one day is approximately 17 hours long.

FACTS AND FIGURES OF URANUS

• The atmosphere of Uranus is similar to its’ Jovian siblings; a thick mixture of hydrogen and helium. Despite this, there are layers of water and ammonia found in this planet’s atmosphere as well.
• Because of its composition, Uranus’s surface cannot be depicted as solid: it is a planet of ice and gas. Thus, its surface is best described as the layers of ice and gas that make up the planet.

FACTS AND FIGURES OF URANUS

• Uranus has 27 known moons, with 5 distinctively larger and more researched than the others: Miranda, Ariel, Umbriel, Titania, and Oberon.
• The ring system of Uranus is very thin and consists of 13 fine, yet dark, rings.

FACTS AND FIGURES OF URANUS

• All of the planets have earned their names from allusions to Roman mythology; Uranus, however, comes from the Greek god of the sky, the father of Saturn and grandfather of Jupiter.

Neptune: Last of the Gas Giants
Orientation axis: 30°

Neptune's Data

• Neptune, the farthest planet from the center of the Solar system, is on average 2.8 billion miles, or 4.5 billion kilometers from the Sun.
• It has a composition very similar to its’ neighbor Uranus, consisting of a rock-metal core, with an icy mantle and a hydrogen-helium and methane atmosphere.

Neptune's Data

• It’s orbital motion coincides with that of the another Jovian planets as their revolutions take much longer than Earth, while the days are much shorter. One of Neptune’s revolutions about the sun is equivalent to 165 years on Earth, even though a day on Neptune takes only 16 hours.

Neptune's Data

• The atmosphere on Neptune’s planet is comparable more so to the atmosphere on its neighbor Uranus hydrogen, helium, and methane.
• The surface of Neptune, as seen in the other Jovian planets, is not necessarily concrete: it can be defined as a condensing of ice and gas found in the atmosphere like hydrogen helium ammonia and methane.

conclusion

• Neptune gets its name from the Roman god of the sea, known in Greek mythology as Poseidon, linked to one of its nicknames “the watery planet.”
• Neptune has 14 moons, all named for water deities in mythology; moreover, it has a series of five rings named for the astronomers who contributed greatly to planetary observations.

conclusion

• In essence, this group of planets has a staggering difference in their size, amount of satellites, and overall composition from the far-off neighbors on the terrestrial side of the asteroid belt.