THE RUSSIAN REVOLUTION

CZAR NICHOLAS II OF RUSSIA

Nicholas II was the last tsar of Russia
Born: May 6, 1868.
Nicholas II inherited the Russian throne when his father died of kidney disease at the age of 49 on October 20, 1894.
Russian Revolution-He went to the frontlines in WWI to try to rally the troops, but was forced to abdicate after his wife made horrible decisions under the influence of Rasputin.
He was blamed for Russia's poverty and poor skills.
In 1914, Nicholas led his country into another costly war, and discontent in Russia grew as food became scarce, soldiers became war-weary, and devastating defeats.
Death:1918

KARL MARX

Karl Marx was born in 1818 in Trier, Prussia
German philosopher and revolutionary socialist Karl Marx published The Communist Manifesto and Das Kapital, anticapitalist works that form the basis of Marxism.
At the beginning of 1846, Marx founded a Communist Correspondence Committee in an attempt to link socialists from around Europe.
Death:1883
He was revolutionary in the Russian revolution. And Marxism was acknowledged 30 years after his death by the leader Vladimir Lenin.

JOESPH STALIN

Joseph Stalin (1878-1953) was the dictator of the Union of Soviet Socialist Republics (USSR) from 1929 to 1953.
Under Stalin, the Soviet Union was transformed from a peasant society into an industrial and military superpower.
At the start of Russian Revolution, he was released from exile, he did not have a big role in the Russian revolution but after it ended, he was the leader of the country.
In 1928, Stalin launched the first Five-Year Plans in Soviet Union, emphasizing on the heavy industry to lay the foundations for future industrial growth.
He is often compared to Hitler. He is widely known as one of the most famous dictators.

LEON TROTSKY

DOB: November 7, 1879
DOD: August 20, 1940
Became a member of the 'Menshevik' (minority) faction and developed his theory of 'permanent revolution'.
first post in the new government was a foreign commissar, negotiating peace terms with Germany
Made war commissar and in this capacity, built up the Red Army which prevailed against the White Russian forces in the civil war.

COMMUNISM

“a political theory derived from Karl Marx, advocating class war and leading to a society in which all property is publicly owned and each person works and is paid according to their abilities and needs”
Based on Marxism, which believed in common ownership of goods
In early January of 1919 began to prepare the Communist International with a meeting of representatives from a number of Communist Parties and Left-wing Socialist groups from all around the world
On February 21 1848, the communist manifesto was written by Karl Marx
The Revolution replaced Russia’s traditional monarchy with the world’s first Communist state.

RUSSIAN ORTHODOX CHURCH

The year 1917 was a major turning point for the history of Russia, and also the Russian Orthodox Church.
The Russian empire was dissolved and the Tsarist government - which had granted the Church numerous privileges - was overthrown
the Bolsheviks took power in October 1917 and declared a separation of church and state. Thus the Russian Orthodox Church found itself without official state backing for the first time in its history.
Communist government declared freedom from "religious and anti-religious propaganda". This led to a marked decline in the power and influence of the Church.
The Russian Orthodox Church was under pressure from communist gov.…

SOVIET SECRET POLICE

After the Russian Revolution of 1917 the Soviet government instituted its own secret police, the Cheka, under Feliks Dzerzhinsky.
By late 1918, hundreds of Cheka committees had been created in various cities
formed to fight against counter-revolutionaries and saboteurs, Which mostly consisted of anyone against the revolution, or anyone who worked for imperial Russia

BIBLIOGRAPHY

CITATIONS

• “Bio.Com.” Bio.com. A&E Networks Television, n.d. Web. 18 Oct. 2015.
• “SparkNotes.” SparkNotes. SparkNotes, n.d. Web. 18 Oct. 2015.
• “Joseph Stalin.” History.com. A&E Television Networks, n.d. Web. 18 Oct. 2015.
• “Karl Marx.” History.com. A&E Television Networks, n.d. Web. 18 Oct. 2015.

CITATIONS CONT.

• “Russian Orthodox Church.” Encyclopedia Britannica Online. Encyclopedia Britannica, n.d. Web. 18 Oct. 2015.
• “Spartacus Educational.” Spartacus Educational. Web. 18 Oct. 2015.
• “What Is Communism?” An anarchist analysis. Web. 18 Oct. 2015.