Rome wasn't built in a day...

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how to build Roman Roads

• The first thing to do when building a Roman road is to dig a trench
• After digging the trench, workers would fill the trench with large rocks
• Workers would then cover the first layer with rocks, pebbles and, sand
• The next layer contained cement and broken tile plates
• The final layer would be fitted with smooth paving stones and curb stones

AQUEDUCTS: In Rome, you may have seen arches stacked on each other, probably going downhill. These structures are known a aqueducts. Though they don't carry water today, aqueducts in Rome were used to transport water from a body of fresh water to a local village. The structure of aqueducts were always made of arches.

ROMAN BATHS:Roman baths were a lot different than modern baths today. Baths were public and anyone could use them. Baths were important since people thought highly of hygiene. There were three types of baths for people to bathe in. One bath was called the "Frigidarium", which was a cold bath. Another bath was called the "Tepidarium", which was warm. The last bath was called the "Caldarium", a hot bath. A visiting person would always spend time in each bath before leaving.

BATH ADDITIONS:Other than baths being at the local Bath, there were other things at the Bath to enjoy as well. There was an exercise room as well,which was called the "Palaestra". There was also a pool for swimming and a gymnasium for athletes.

Julius Caesar:Julius Caesar was a very excellent leader. He was a Roman leader, famous for conquering Gaul, Italy, and parts of Europe. Eventually, the Roman Republic grew so much, Julius changed the Roman Republic to the Roman Empire, making him the first emperor. He also reformed provinces, made an alliance with Cleopatra, and many other great things. His reign ended, however, when the Senate made a decision to assassinate the great emperor.

Octavian Augustus:Octavian Augustus was the successor of the famous ruler, Julius Caesar. During his reign, Octavian ruled through the principate system. One of his goals was to make Rome a safe place from barbarians and enemies. Being the second emperor, he was also the starting emperor for the glory period in Roem, called the "Pax Romana". He also planned to make Rome's territory bigger, and to make a standing army. He died in August 19, 14 A.D.

Greek/roman gods and goddesses

• Aphrodite/Venus: Goddess of beauty and love
• Apollo: God of the Sun, music, healing, and plague
• Ares/Mars: God of war and violence
• Artemis/Diana: Goddess of the hunt and wild animals
• Athena/Minerva: Goddess of wisdom and arts/crafts; Deity of Athens

GREEK/ROMAN GODS AND GODDESSES(continued)

• Hades/Pluto: God of the dead and the Underworld
• Hera/Juno: Goddess of marriage and child birth; Zeus's wife
• Poseidon/Neptune: God of the sea
• Hermes/Mercury: God of thieves and messengers
• Zeus/Jupiter: God of the rain and sky; King of all gods

TWELVE TABLES:The Twelve Tables were a set of laws that were made for everyone that's included in them. Not all of these laws were fair to everyone in the Roman Republic, but every citizen had to follow them.

ROMAN GOVERNMENT:In the Roman Republic, the king and the Senate were the ones who ruled the most. Later, the Roman Republic turned into the Roman Empire, making the emperor have the most rule.

ANCIENT LATIN:Latin was a language used through many civilizations as the base of their language. Even today, Latin is found in many modern languages. Some examples are Roman, French, English, Italian, Portuguese, and Spanish. In fact, all the spells in the Harry Potter series are actual Latin roots.

latin used today

• A.M.
• R.I.P.
• P.M.
• P.S.
• Alter Ego

ROMAN NUMERALS:Roman Numerals were how the Romans counted in the Roman Empire. Even though it did not include a zero, this number system was still well thought-out, and simple. The rules for Roman Numerals are that every number to the left of the number that's bigger is added. However, if the number to the left is smaller, it is subtracted.

ROMAN NUMERALS CHARt

• I=1  D=500
• X=10  M=1000
• L=50
• C=100
• V=5