ROME

GEOGRAPHY

• Rome is located in Italy
• Romans chose Italy for its fertile soil
• Rome is right next to Greece
• It has mountains and rivers
• It is next to the Mediterranean Sea

RISE OF THE REPUBLIC

• Romans grew tired of Etruscan Rule
• Overthrew Etruscans and started the Republic
• 2 consuls, with more centurions
• Also had a large senate
• The Republic gave power to the Plebeians through the tribune of the Plebs

GOVERNMENT AND LAW IN ROME

• The government in Rome was a Republic
• There were twelve tables of law
• An example of a law was: if a child that is born is deformed, it shall be killed
• All male citizens who own land must serve in the army
• Strict discipline for soldiers

WAR AND CONFLICT

• Romans fought many great wars
• Punic wars were wars against Carthage
• There were three Punic wars
• The first war was caused by an argument over Sicily
• Second war was caused by Romans invading Carthage
• Third war, Rome thought Carthage was a military threat, so they destroyed Carthage

ROMAN LIFE

• Romans lived in large homes with running water
• Women held little to no power
• Even though women had no power, husbands would often seek advice from their wives
• Boys studied at school
• Girls studied at home and were taught by mothers

ROMAN ACHIEVEMENTS

• Romans had many inventions and new battle styles
• First world power to use a Republic
• Invented the battle style with legions
• Used a Roman eagle standard in battle
• Built the colliseum

TROUBLE IN THE EMPIRE

• Pax Romana ended
• Government grew weak
• Army gained political power
• Civil wars broke out
• Romans no longer honored values of duty
• Started to barter again

FALL OF ROME

• Diocletian left office
• A.D. 305, conflict broke out in empire
• Constantine became emporer
• He made reforms, but empire still declined
• New emperor Theodosius came to power
• Theodosius split the empire right before he died
• Germanic tribes invaded and Rome fell, and the Byzantine empire emerged