ROCKS AND MINERALS

DEFINITIONS

• Rocks:Naturally occurring solids made of minerals.
• Minerals: Naturally occurring substances formed by geological processes.

SIMILARITIES

• Rocks and minerals are solid's.
• In all the rocks in the world there are 2 minerals in each one.
• And all rocks are made of minerals.

DIFFERENCES

• Minerals usually have a shape and rocks don't.
• Minerals have no fossils rocks have some fossil
• When you scratch a rock you see little minerals when you scratch the mineral you do not see it..
• Minerals have a predictable chemical formula and rocks do not.

EARTH'S LAYER'S

• Crust: The first layer with rocks and loose material, the crust is almost three times as thick as it is under the ocean
• Mantle:The mantle is the biggest and it takes up 85% of the total weight and mass of the Earth. The mantle is made of thick, solid, rocky substances.
• Outer core: The outer core is super-heated liquid molten lava, and without it there would not be a magnetic field.
• Inner core: Inner core is a solid ball of mostly iron and nickel.

THREE PART'S OF THE EARTH

• Crust: It is very thin, it makes up less than 1% of Earth's mass.
• Mantle: It is very mobile, and makes up 70% of Earth's mass.
• Core: The core is very hot, and makes up 30% of Earth's mass.
• The crust would be thickest beneath the biggest mountain chain like the Himalaya
• The crust is the thinnest at the ocean floor.

ROCK DEFINITIONS

• Metamorphic rock:They are formed by physical or chemical.
• Igneous rock: Igneous rock means fire and it is found underground or above ground.
• Sedimentary rock: It is type of rock that is formed by deposition.
• Sediment: It is a matter that settles to the bottom of a liquid.

DIFFERENCES AND SIMILARITIES

• Differences: igneous rock is made out of magma metamorphic it change's it form
• Similarities: They can both melt into magma.
• Differences: metamorphic rock is bigger than igneous.
• Similarities: They both can form in sediments.
• Differences: Igneous rocks are found inside the earths crust or mantle,sedimentary rocks are found in water, and metamorphic rocks are found on earths surface.

WEATHERING

• Erosion: The effect of water,temperature and wind on landscape.
• Water causes erosion by acid rain,leaching by ground water,wave action at the beach,fast moving water,glacier,and precipitation / flood
• Freeze / thaw cycle: This causes mountains to crumble over time and big rocks to break down into little rocks
• Wind : Can blast away layers of rock when it carries bits of sand and grit

CAVES

• Stalactite:It is a tapering structure hanging like a icecle.
• Stalagmite: It is a mound or tapering column rising from the floor.
• I might see bears,snakes, bats, cave drawings,mud,limestone and insects.

THE END