Pre-structural Semantic
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PRESENTATION OUTLINE
LINGUISTICS SEMANTICS
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Hyperonimy: It is the relationship between a word (hyperonym) whose meaning, more general, is totally included in the meanings of other more specific words (hyponyms)
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Hyponymy: It is the inversa relationship to hyperonimia, in which the meaning of a more specific word (the hyponym) contains all the meaning traits of the more general term (hyperonym)
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Cohiponymy: It is the relationship established between hyponyms of the same hyperonym
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Holonymy: It is the relationship established between a word (holonym) and another or other (meronyms) that designate parts of what is denoted by the first.
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Meronymy: This is the inverse relationship to the previous one, so that a meronym designates a part of reality named by a holonym.
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Monosemy: Monosémicos words are those that have a unique meaning or meaning.
Polysemy: A single word has several meanings
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Homonymy: It belongs to the same type of relationship as polysemy; several meanings associated with a single form, but this is not caused by the divergence of meanings, but by the confluence of forms between several words that were different in origin, so that their different meanings are not related to each other.
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Paronymy: It is the relationship between two similar terms, although not identical in form and of different meanings.
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Synonymy: It is the relationship between two terms of similar and interchangeable meanings in the discourse by belong to the same syntactic category.
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Linguistic semantics is a subfield of general and linguistic semantics that studies the codification of meaning within linguistic expressions
Etymologically, the term comes from the Greek σημαντικός sēmantikós, which meant 'relevant meaning', derived from σῆμα sêma, which meant 'sign'.
Semantics is studied from a philosophical, linguistic perspective as well as from an approach known as general semantics. The philosophical aspect is based on behaviorism and focuses on the process that establishes significance.
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The linguist studies the elements or traits of meaning and how they relate within the linguistic system.
General semantics is interested in meaning, how it influences what people do and say.
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PHILOSOPHICAL SEMANTICS STUDIES THE DISTINCTION BETWEEN ORGANIZED SEMANTICS ABOUT TRUTH VALUES AND THE SEMANTICS OF SPEECH ACTS.
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DESCRIPTIVE SEMANTICS
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research focuses on examining what the signs mean in a specific language. In some languages such as Spanish, the analysis is done through the subject-predicate relationship.
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Anthropology, called ethnolinguistics, uses linguistic semantics to determine how the perceptions and beliefs of the people who speak that language express the signs of a language, and this is what is done through formal semantic analysis
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THEORETICAL SEMANTICS
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Seeks a general theory of meaning within the language. Meaning is part of the linguistic knowledge or competence that every human has.
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Generative semantics arose to explain the speaker's ability to produce and understand new expressions where grammar or syntax fails.
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Thank you ;3
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