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Plate Tectonics

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PRESENTATION OUTLINE

PLATE TECTONICS

  • The theory that pieces of Earths crust moves driven by the convection currents in the mantle

CONVECTION CURRENTS

  • The movement of a fluid caused by differences in temperature that transfers heat from one part of the fluid to another

SLAB PULL

  • The portion of motion of a tectonic plate that can be accounted for by its subduction

RIDGE PUSH

  • When a Mid-Ocean Ridge forms it pushes lower level sea Floor creating a ridge push

DIVERGENT PLATE BOUNDARY

  • Two tectonic plates that move away from each other
  • The direction of plates is that they move away from each other

DIVERGENT

  • On land divergent plate boundaries form rift valleys

OCEANIC DIVERGENT PLATES

  • In the ocean, divergent plate boundaries form mid ocean ridges

CONVERGENT PLATE BOUNDARY

  • When two plates move towards each other and crash
  • The direction of the plates is that they move towards each other until they crash and form a landform

OCEANIC VS CONTINENTAL CRUST

  • When ocean and continental crust coverage they form volcanic arcs like Mt Saint Helens
Photo by brewbooks

OCEANIC VS OCEANIC CRUST

  • When ocean and ocean crust coverage they form a volcanic island arc like the islands that make up Japan

CONTINENTAL VS CONTINENTAL

  • When continental crust coverages with continental crust converge it forms mountains like Mt. Everest
Photo by watchsmart

SUBDUCTION ZONE

  • When two plates collide and one plate goes underneath the other it's called a subduction zone

DEEP OCEAN TRENCH

  • A deep valley along the ocean floor beneath which oceanic crust slowly sinks towards the mantle
  • An example is the Mariana Trench

TRANSFORM PLATE BOUNDARY

  • It's also known as the conservative plate boundary because it neither creates or destroyed lithosphere
  • The directions of the plates go horizontal or vertical

TRANSFORM PLATES

  • When plates move along transform boundaries they form earthquakes
Photo by digitalsadhu

SAN ANDREAS FAULT LINE

  • An example of a transform boundary is the San Andreas Fault line in California

WHAT ARE HOT SPOTS

  • Hot spots are when heat from the mantle rises and goes into the volcano. These hot spots are generated by melting rock

HOT SPOT EXAMPLE

  • An example where a hot spot is in the islands of Hawaii

EXPLANATION

  • Hot spots help plate tectonics because hot spots form magma which sinks into the mantle forming a convection current
Photo by Karlbert

OCEAN VENTS

  • Ocean vents are when hot toxic, fluids and gases come out of them. They are usually found near active volcanoes
  • Generally found in Mid-ocean ridges
  • An example is by the Galápagos Islands

HOW DO OCEAN VENTS HELP PLATE TECTONICS

  • Since they are like hot springs or geysers they melt rock and that sinks into the mantle creating a convection current