Digital Rights Management

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DRM Defined

• Felten: “DRM involves use of technology to control digital content”
• Samuelson: DRM technologies are more about the management of permissions – “code as code” –primary purpose is control;

‘DRM is technical code, backed up by legal code, for purposes of identifying, distributing and protecting digital content and that works by acting as a constraint against unauthorized uses of such content’

Key Features of DRM

• rights and Exceptions
• Right to use work
• the unexpected reproduction in digital format
• Article 11 of WCT and Article 18 of WPPT
• Exceptions for fair dealing

Key features of DRM

• Rights management
• Individual rights management Article 12 of WCT and Article 19 of WPPT
• Collective rights management European copyright framework Article 9

Ways Measures Protected

• Anti-copy devices
• Encryption, password systems, set-top-boxes, digital envelope
• Propriety viewer
• Watermarking or fingerprinting

Ways Measures Protected

• Metering system
• Electronic copyright management systems

Logic Behind DRM

• ensure right holders to be remunerated for their creativity and investment.
• protect their works against IP theft.
• assist the administration of the IP works in the Internet.

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