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Science Vocab

Published on Jan 09, 2016

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PRESENTATION OUTLINE

SOLUTIONS

HOMOGENEOUS MIXTURES OF 2 OR MORE SUBSTANCES IN A SINGLE PHASE

AQUEOUS SOLUTION

IN A SOLUTION, THE SOLVENT IS WATER

SOLVENT

THE DISSOLVING MEDIUM IN A SOLUTION (THE MILK IN PICTURE)

SOLUTE

THE SUBSTANCE DISSOLVED IN A SOLUTION

SOLUBILITY
a substance is the amount of that substance required to form a saturated solution with a specific amount of I solvent at a specified temperature

Suspensions
If the particles in a solvent are so large that they settle out or a mixture is needed to be constantly stirred or agitated

COLLOIDS
Particles that are intermediate in size between those in solutions and suspensions form mixtures

UNSATURATED

A SOULTION THAT CONTAINS LESS SOLUTE THAN A SATURATED SOLUTION

SATURATED

CONTAINS THE MAXIMUM AMOUNT OF DISSOLVED SOLUTE

SOLUBLE

CAPABLE OF BEING DISSOLVED

NON SOLUBLE

INCAPABLE OF DISSOLVING IN A SOLVENT

MISCIBLE

LIQUIDS THAT DISSOLVE FREELY IN ONE ANOTHER

IMMISCIBLE

LIQUIDS THAT ARE NOT SOLUBLE IN EACH OTHER

MOLARITY

THE NUMBER OF MOLES OF SOLUTE IN ONE LITER OF SOLUTION

MOLALITY
The concentration of a solution expressed in moles of solute per Kg of solvent

DISSOCIATION

IONIC SUBSTANCES BREAK APART TO FORM IONS IN A SOLUTION

IONIZATION

COVALENT SUBSTANCES BREAK APART TO FORM IONS IN A SOLUTION

ELECTROLYTE
substance that dissolves in water to give a solution that conducts electric current

STRONG ELECTROLYTE

DISSOCIATES COMPLETELY WHEN DISSOLVED IN WATER

WEAK ELECTROLYTE

ONLY DISSOCIATES PARTIALLY WHEN DISSOLVED IN WATER

NON ELECTROLYTE
substance that dissolves in water to give a solution that does not conduct an electric current

Colligative properties
Properties that depend on the concentration of solute particles but not on their identity

VAPOR PRESSURE LOWERING: The boiling point and freezing point of a solution differ from those of the pure solvent.

BOILING POINT ELEVATION: the difference between the boiling points of the pure solvent and a nonelectrolyte solution of that solvent

FREEZING POINT DEPRESSION: the difference between the freezing points of the pure solvent and a solution of a non- electrolyte in that solvent