public speaking

PERSUASION
The process of creating, reinforcing, or changing people's belief's or actions

the challenge

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MENTAL DIALOGUE WITH AUDIENCE
The mental give-and-take between speaker and listener during a persuasive speech

TARGET AUDIENCE

TARGET AUDIENCE
The portion of the whole audience that the speaker most wants to persuade

persuasive speech types

questions of fact

QUESTION OF FACT
A question about the truth or
falsity of an assertion

questions of VALUE

QUESTION OF VALUE
A question about the worth, rightness, morality, and so forth
of an idea or action

questions of POLICY

QUESTION OF POLICY
A question about whether a specific course of action should or
should not be taken

speech to gain passive agreement

PASSIVE AGREEMENT
A persuasive speech in which the speaker's goal is to convince the audience that a given policy is desirable without encouraging the audience to take action in support of the policy

speech to gain immediate action

IMMEDIATE ACTION
A persuasive speech in which the speaker's goal is to convince the audience to take action in support of a given policy

analyzing questions of policy

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NEED
Is there a serious problem or
need that requires a change
from current policy?

BURDEN OF PROOF
The obligation facing a persuasive speaker to prove that a change from current policy is necessary

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PLAN
If there is a problem with current policy, does the speaker have a plan to solve the problem

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PRACTICALITY
Will the speaker's plan solve the problem?
Will it create new and more serious problems?

organizing speeches on questions of policy

• Problem-Solution Order
• Problem-Cause-Solution Order
• Comparative Advantages Order
• Monroe's Motivated Sequence

PROBLEM-SOLUTION ORDER
A method of organizing persuasive speeches in which the first main point deals with the existence of a problem and the second main point presents a solution to the problem

PROBLEM-CAUSE-SOLUTION ORDER
A method of organizing persuasive speeches in which the first main point identifies a problem, the second main point analyzes the causes of the problem, and the third main point presents a solution to the problem

COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGES ORDER
A method of organizing persuasive speeches in which each main point explains why a speaker's solution to a problem is preferable to other proposed solutions

MONROE'S MOTIVATED SEQUENCE
A method of organizing
persuasive speeches that seek immediate action.

MONROE'S MOTIVATED SEQUENCE

• Attention
• Need
• Satisfaction
• Visualization
• Action

organizing speeches on questions of policy

• Problem-Solution Order
• Problem-Cause-Solution Order
• Comparative Advantages Order
• Monroe's Motivated Sequence