SOCIAL STUDIES

MUSKETS

• The range of a musket was about 250 yards
• A soldier trying to aim and shoot with accuracy had to stand close to its target
• Since the weapon's "effective range" was only about 80 yards
• Rifles, by contrast, had a much greater range than muskets did
• Rifles could shoot a bullet up to 1,000 yards-and were more accurate

MINIE BALL AND GUNS

• Rifles with Minie ball bullets were easy and quick to load, but soldiers still had to pause and reload
• The most famous of these guns, the Spencer Carbine could fire seven shots in thirty seconds

ON THE WATER AND RAILROAD

• Confederate sailors tried to sink these ironclads with submarines
• More important than these advanced weapons were larger-scale technological innovations such as the railroad

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