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Chapter 5

Published on Nov 24, 2015

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PRESENTATION OUTLINE

Chapter 5

The Road to Independence

Section 1

Taxation Without Representation

Bell Work - 12/1
Why did the British Parliament impose heavy taxes on the colonists in the 1760's?

Vocab Word: PARLIAMENT

  • the legislature (law making group) in the gov. of UK
  • Leader = Prime Minister
  • Created in 1258 by King Henry III
  • Advises the Monarch, represents the people, makes laws
  • Made up of two houses...
Photo by jurvetson

Prime Minister: David Cameron

House of Lords

  • Represents the Nobles
  • Two different types of members:
  • 1. Lords Spiritual (bishops in the C of E)
  • 2. Lords Temporal (nobility)
  • Members appointed by the Sovereign (Monarch)
Photo by lisby1

House of Commons

  • 650 members
  • Elected by democratic vote
  • Votes held at least every five years
  • Prime Minister is member of this house

Palace of Westminster

  • Meeting House
  • I've been here!

Vocab Word: IMPOSE

  • To establish or apply by authority (ex. impose a tax)
  • To establish or create in a harmful, forceful way
  • To force someone to accept something

Boycott:
a group''s refusal to have commercial dealings with some organization in protest against its policies

Today

  • Colonists begin to get angry with Parliament
  • Read Section 1 of Chapter 5 (pages 132-135)
  • Complete Handout
Photo by Asja.

Bell Work Question:
What is the name of the legislative body that created the laws we read about in section 1?

Reasons Why The Colonists Were P*ssed Off

Debt!

  • British won F & I War, BUT...
  • Cost of war/controlling new territories was high
  • British looked to the colonies to help pay costs
  • Began a spiral of events that set off Revolution

Proclamation Act of 1763

  • Goal - Protect N. Americans from colonial encroachment
  • Colonists were unhappy
  • Felt British government had too much control over colonies
  • Felt that the Act limited their freedom
  • British troops were stationed in colonies and in frontier

Trade Laws of 1763

  • PM Grenville took action against smuggling
  • Define Smuggling
  • Why smuggling bad/What was smuggled?
  • Vice-admiralty Courts
  • Writs of Assistance

Smuggling:
The act of illegally and secretly moving something from one country to another country

Photo by tim ellis

The Sugar Act of 1764

  • Goal: Stop molasses smuggling btw colonies and French W.Indies
  • Lowered tax on imported molasses from Britain
  • INCREASED taxes on foreign sugar, coffee, indigo, wine

The Stamp Act of 1765

  • What was taxed?
  • Parliament passed Act without colonial consent
  • NO TAXATION WITHOUT REPRESENTATION!

Protesting the Stamp Act

  • V. H. of B - passed resolution
  • Samuel Adams - Sons of Liberty
  • Burning effigies of tax collectors
  • Raided royal officials' homes

The Stamp Act Congress

  • Delegates from 9 colonies met in N.Y.
  • Goal: Get Parliament to repeal Act
  • Urged a boycott of British goods
  • Result: Parliament repeals Act in 1766

Townshend Acts of 1767

  • Taxes on imported goods at port of entry
  • Taxed common items that could not be produced in the colonies
  • Again, colonists boycott British goods
Photo by Hindrik S

Homework

  • Read Ch. 5, Section 2
  • Complete Handout
  • Quiz tomorrow

Today - You Are Being Taxed!

Photo by theqspeaks

Bell Work Question:
List some of the key events from section 2 that occurred during the late 1760s/early 1770s that brought the colonies closer to war with Britain.

Bell Work - Key Events

  • 1768 - Liberty Affair
  • 1770 - Boston Massacre
  • 1773 - Boston Tea Party
  • 1774 - Coercive/Intolerable Acts

The Boston Massacre - March 5, 1770

  • Confrontation between soldiers and a group of townspeople
  • Resulted in 5 dead, 6 wounded (all colonists)
  • First casualty = Crispus Attucks

Spotlight on: Crispus Attucks

  • Wampanoag (mother) and African (father) descent
  • Former slave; employed as a dock worker
  • May have been one of the leaders of the mob on March 5
  • Some accounts say he threw the club that struck the first soldier
  • Nevertheless, Attucks was the first to shed his blood for American freedom

Two Perspectives:

  • Colonial - Paul Revere's Engraving
  • British - Excerpt from article
Photo by kevin dooley

Paul Revere's Engraving

  • NOT an accurate depiction of the actual event
  • Just because it is a P. Source does NOT mean it is true
  • Engraving was meant to shape public opinion
  • Including specific elements in his depiction
  • Engraving is an example of PROPAGANDA 

Bell Work
Why did Paul Revere engrave an inaccurate depiction of the Boston Massacre?

Photo by kittell

Today

  • Trial of the Redcoats
  • John Adams is lawyer for their defense
Photo by cliff1066™

Patriot

  • Independence from Britain
  • Own country
Photo by Hawk Eyes

Loyalist

  • Wanted to remain as part of British Empire
Photo by jgarber

A Call to Arms

Section 3

Bell Work Question:
Do you like analyzing primary sources? (Fort Necessity, Pontiac's Rebellion, Boston Massacre). Explain why or why not?

Main Idea:
Colonial leaders met in 1774 to discuss a united response to British policies. Seven months later, American and British troops met in battle for the first time.

Photo by Ken Lund

Today

  • Sequencing Information
  • Read Section 3 - Complete the diagram
  • List six events leading to the Battle of Bunker Hill
Photo by sky#walker

Today

  • 15 minutes - Complete Individually
  • 5 minutes - Get with a partner and compare answers
  • 5 minutes - Answer closure question on bottom of handout
  • Spongebob episdoe?
Photo by sky#walker

Closure

  • Choose a side!
  • Are you a Patriot, or a Loyalist?
  • Use info. from pg. 145 to list your reasons
Photo by anyjazz65

Bell Work:
What plan did Ben Franklin propose in 1754 as a way to help united the colonies against the French? Was it accepted? Why/why not?

Key Events

Leading To The Battle of Bunker Hill
Photo by dkshots

1. Continental Congress

  • Goal = Unite colonies against British
  • AND = establish a body to represent American interests
  • 55 delegates met in Penn. in 1774
  • Voted for more boycotts
  • Called for militias

VIP's in Attendance

  • Sam and John Adams (Mass.)
  • Richard and Patrick Henry (Virginia)
  • George Washington (Virginia)

"The distinctions between Virginians, Pennsylvanians, and New Englanders are no more...I am not a Virginian, but an American." - Pat Henry

2. Militias Organize

  • Militia - group of citizen soldiers
  • Began to make preparations for armed conflict
  • "Minutemen" - ready to fight at a minutes notice

3. British send more troops

  • King declares that the colonies are in a state of rebellion
  • Sends General Thomas Gage and several thousand troops to Boston
  • More on the way
  • Gage learns the militia are storing arms in Concord
  • Orders LC Francis Smith and 700 troops to go there and destroy stuff

4. British troops are organized

  • British troops make a plan 
  • Begin marching to Concord on April 18, 1775
  • Dr. Joseph Warren, Paul Revere, William Dawes, Sam Adams
  • Warning sent to Lexington and Concord

5. Battle at Lexington and Concord

  • "Shot heard round the world"
  • First shot fired by minutemen
  • Battle for America's independence from GB had begun
  • April 19, 1775

Untitled Slide

6. Patriots Capture Fort Ticonderoga

  • Benedict Arnold and Ethan Allen led Patriots
  • Took British by surprise
  • Captured the fort and its supplies
  • B. Arnold would later join sides with the British
  • Tried to surrender West Point to British in 1780

BUNKER HILL

  • British won, but...
  • Colonists made a strong impression
  • War would not be quick or easy

Today

  • Read Section 4 (pages 147-151)
  • Complete Guided Reading Worksheet
  • May work with a partner
  • Quiz next Monday over sections 3 and 4