VITAMIN B1 (THIAMINE)

About Thiamine

• Water-soluble. Known as "anti-stress" vitamin
• Used for cellular respiration and the conversion of food into glucose for energy.
• Associated with vitamin B2 (Riboflavin)
• Helps produce energy. Strengthens immune system
• Helps metabolize fats and protein
• Helps nervous system function
• Needed for brain development

Disease Treatment

• Alzheimer's disease- Thiamine improves brain activity IF the elders can absorb it
• Cataracts- B vitamins protect the lens of your eyes (research is still being done)
• Many doses can improve muscle coordination and confusion, but rarely increases memory loss

Storage

• Body doesn't store it (water soluble)
• Found in plants and animals
• Therefore, you can get thiamine no matter what your dietary needs are

Deficiency

• Can be caused by malnutrition, alcoholism, gastrointestinal diseases, HIV-AIDS, anorexia, and diabetes

Deficiency Continued...

• Symptoms: Nausea, headache, fatigue, Irritability, depression, Abdominal discomfort.
• Trouble digesting carbs
• Conditions include: build up of pyruvic acid into the blood, less alert, breathing problems, damage to the heart, and Beriberi

Beriberi Disease

• With this disease you become confused and have swelling and burning sensations, breathing trouble, and rapid eye movement
• Thiamine is mostly used to treat this disease

Recommended Daily Value

• Men, 19 years and older: 1.2 mg
• Women, 19 years and older: 1.1 mg
• Pregnant or breastfeeding women: 1.4 mg
• Children, 9-13 years: 0.9 mg
• Men, 14 to 18 years: 1.2mg
• Women, 14 to 18 years: 1 mg

Interactions

• High doses of B1 can cause stomach problems
• Taking more of a B vitamin than another can cause imbalance of the other vitamins
• Take caution when using: Digoxin, Diuretics (water pills), and Phenytoin (Dilantin)

Interactions CONTINUED...

• Digoxin: treats heart problems. Can reduce heart cells' ability to use and absorb Thiamine
• Water pills: reduces levels of B1 in body
• Phenytoin: Taking this drug can lower levels of Thiamine in blood

Food Sources

• Large Sources: pork, beef, poultry, and organ meats
• Small Sources: Rice and cereals that are enriched or whole-grain, legumes, nuts, and bran

Article #1

• Effects of alcohol and thiamine deficiency on eye opening of baby rats
• During pregnancy, when they had a B1 deficiency, eye opening was delayed
• Shows importance of baby care and the intake of vitamin supplements

Article #2

• 3-year old with Wernicke's disease due to a B1 deficiency
• Deficiency can be fatal with this disease and effects motor skills
• Significance is to make sure a child's diet is balanced to avoid these possibilities

WORKS CITED Cont...

• Ehrlich, Steven D. "Vitamin B1 (Thiamine)." University of Maryland Medical Center. Web. 12 Nov. 2015.
• "Thiamine." - Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Web. 12 Nov. 2015.
• Zastre, Jason A. "Linking Vitamin B1 with Cancer Cell Metabolism." Cancer & Metabolism. 24 July 2013. Web. 12 Nov. 2015.
• Pictures from Haiku Deck Library

WORKS CITED Cont...

• B, Abdoulaye. "Paradoxical Effects Of Alcohol And Thiamine Deficiency On The Eye Opening Of Rat Pups." Journal of Maternal-Fetal & Neonatal Medicine. 25.11 (2012):2435-2440. Academic Search Complete. Web. 10 Nov. 2015

Works Cited Cont...

• Sonoko, Kubota, et al. "A 3-Year-Old Girl With Wernicke's Encephalopathy Due To A Severely Unbalanced Diet." Neurology Asia 20.1 (2015): 95-99. Academic Search Complete. Web. 16 Nov. 2015.