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Published on Feb 04, 2016
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PRESENTATION OUTLINE
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Federal courts of appeals
Good records are important because a person or group that loses a case in a district court may appeal to a federal court of appeals or, in some instances, directly to the Supreme Court. Congress created the United States courts of appeals in 1891 to ease that appeals workload of the Supreme Court.
Photo by DonkeyHotey
The court of international trade
Formerly known as the United States customs court, this court has jurisdiction over cases dealing with tariffs. Citizens who believe that tariffs are to high bring most of the cases heard in this court.
Legislative courts
The legislative courts helped congress exercise it's powers. It was the power of congress to tax that led to the creation of the United States tax court. The congressional power of regulating the armed forces led to the formation of the court of military appeals.
United States tax court
Congress provided for the present tax court in 1969. As a trial court court, it hears cases relating to federal taxes. Cases come to the tax court from citizens who disagree with Internal Revenue Service rulings or other treasury department agency rulings about the federal taxes they must pay.
Photo by Phil Roeder
Selection of federal judges
The constitution provides that the president with the advice and consent of the senate, appoints all federal judges. Judges in the constitutional courts serve, as the constitution prescribes, "during good behavior" which in practice means for life. A life term grants judges freedom from public or political pressures when deciding cases.
Photo by Seattle Municipal Archives
