PROSTHETIC ARM

HISTORY OF BIOENGINEERING

• A very broad area of study. It has been around for centuries.
• Biomimicry is the concept of bioengineers getting inspired by things in nature.
• In a field called materials science, the properties of manner are applied to engineering and science.
• When an important limb is missing, a prosthetic, or artificial substitute is added.

PHYSICS IN BIOLOGY

• The muscle is attached to different bones that help it move and bend.
• There are 3 types of levers, the arm itself is a lever when it bends.
• When you let your arm drop your triceps contracts and the biceps relaxes.
• When you bend your arm your triceps relaxes and the biceps contracts.

PROJECTILE MOTION

• The range of the projectile depends on the angle, height, and initial velocity.
• Because of gravity the ball curves when you let go.
• When the ball leaves your hands it becomes projectile.
• Once it's released there is no longer any forces pushing it farther it goes on its own from there on.

LAUNCH ANGLE

• When the arm is at a pull back angle the triceps is stretched and the bisect is loose.
• When the ball is thrown the the biceps starts to become more engaged.
• As this happens the arm will slow down, but the ball will not.
• The ball will keep going and leave the arm.

INITIAL VELOCITY

• Initial velocity is a little more important when the ball is released.
• We needed to focus more on the energy of the arm for the velocity.
• The positions, length, and muscle type were affected the initial velocity a lot.

CONSERVATION OF ENERGY

• Potential and kinetic energy are types of mechanical energy.
• Energy can change from one form to another, but it is always conserved.
• When the pendulum is at its maximum height potential energy is the only form of mechanical energy there

POTENTIAL ENERGY

• An object can store energy as the result of its position.
• The stored energy is referred to as potential energy.
• Another form of potential energy is elastic potential energy.
• The pulling back motion adds energy to the rubber band. The energy gets stored in the stretched rubber band until the arm releases.

KINETIC ENERGY

• All moving objects have kinetic energy.
• There are many forms of kinetic energy like vibrational, rotational, and translation.
• The work done by the rubber bands will make the forearm and ball move.

MATERIALS FOR PROTO-TYPE

• 1 1/4 nylon machine screw
• 1 3/4 nylon machine srew
• Balsa wood
• 2 (100 mm x 25 mm x 4 mm
• 2 (50 mm x 25 mm x 4 mm
• Sand paper

MATERIALS FOR THE PROTO-TYPE

• 1 nylon spacer
• 3 nylon washers
• 1 nylon wing nut
• 1 nylon nut
• Miter box
• Drill (hand drill/electric drill)
• Hand saw

Blueprints

Structure

Triceps

Bicep

Conservation of Energy

Projectile Motion

Prosthetic arm

THE END

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