Skin Cancer
Published on Apr 05, 2016
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PRESENTATION OUTLINE
How does cancer affect the cell cycle?
"The cell cycle utilizes the checkpoint system to immediately halt the process of cell division if a problem is encountered. The system has inborn stop signals. A primary deterrent to cell division is damaged DNA. A normal cell will not continue to advance through the G1, M and G2 phases if its DNA became damaged. Prevention of this action will stop stop the damaged DNA from being passed down to the next generation of cells. A cancer cell, however, can ignore the stop signal, complete cell division and continue to proliferate and propagate the faulty DNA further along. This faulty DNA is a mutation -- these genes cause the cells to act inappropriately and encourage increased tumor grow"
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What are cyclins?
proteins associated with the cycle of cell division that are thought to initiate certain processes of mitosis.
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How are cancer cells affected by it?
"Cyclin D1 is an important regulator of cell cycle progression and can function as a transcriptionl co-regulator. The overexpression of cyclin D1 has been linked to the development and progression of cancer. Deregulated cyclin D1 degradation appears to be responsible for the increased levels of cyclin D1 in several cancers."
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SYMPTOMS
- A pearly or waxy bump
- A flat, flesh-colored or brown scar-like lesion
- A firm, red nodule
- A flat lesion with a scaly, crusted surface
- A large brownish spot with darker speckles
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•A mole that changes in color, size or feel or that bleeds
•A small lesion with an irregular border and portions that appear red, white, blue or blue-black
•Dark lesions on your palms, soles, fingertips or toes, or on mucous membranes lining your mouth, nose, vagina or anus
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What causes your type of cancer?
Much of the damage to DNA in skin cells results from ultraviolet (UV) radiation found in sunlight and in the lights used in tanning beds.
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Can it be treated?
Mohs Micrographic Surgery: Using a scalpel or curette (a sharp, ring-shaped instrument), the physician removes the visible tumor with a very thin layer of tissue around it.
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How is it diagnosed?
"Because non-melanoma skin cancer rarely spreads, a biopsy is often the only test needed to diagnose and find out the stage (extent) of cancer. A biopsy is the removal of a small amount of tissue for examination under a microscope. During this procedure, the suspected skin lesion is removed (usually after a local anesthetic has been used to numb the area), as well as an area of healthy tissue around the lesion (called the margin). The sample removed during the biopsy is analyzed by a pathologist who determines if it is skin cancer."
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Who is susceptible to this type of cancer?
"Your skin type is one of the main factors in your risk for skin cancer. There are six skin phototypes, going from light to dark. Individuals with skin types I and II face the highest risk of developing skin cancer, while types V and VI are at the lowest risk. That is because those with more pigmentation have more natural protection from the sun. However, people with darker skin can nonetheless get skin cancer."
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How likely are you to get it?
I'm pretty light skinned so I have a high risk of getting this cancer and even melanoma skin cancer which is deadly.
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Sources:
http://www.livestrong.com/article/234531-how-cancer-affects-the-cell-cycle/
http://www.molecular-cancer.com/content/6/1/24
http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/skin-cancer/basics/symptoms/c...
http //www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/skin-cancer/basics/symptoms/con-20...
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