What is Cooperative Learning?
Published on Nov 24, 2015
Cooperative Learning and how it works.
MORE DECKS TO EXPLORE
PRESENTATION OUTLINE
What is Cooperative Learning?
How does it work?
Birth of A Theory
- John Dewey wrote a book called, Democracy and Education. Believed the classroom should mirror society and be a lab for real-life learning.
- Jean Piaget
- Lev Vygotsky
- Constructivist Theory is Born
John Dewey believed the classroom should mirror society and be a lab for real-life learning.
Jean Piaget wrote many papers on a child's natural need to acquire information and construct their own knowledge.
Lev Vygotsky believed social interaction with others created new ideas which enhanced intelligence.
Jean Piaget wrote many papers on a child's natural need to acquire information and construct their own knowledge.
Lev Vygotsky believed social interaction with others created new ideas which enhanced intelligence.
Photo by HowardLake
Cooperative Learning Requires student cooperation and interdependence, goal and reward structure, with three
learner outcomes: social skills, tolerance & acceptance of diversity, academic achievement.
Photo by Philip McMaster PeacePlusOne_\!/
Research
- Sharon ('84, '99)- Cooperative Behavior
- Johnson ('79)- Tolerance for Diversity
- Studies done at all grade levels in several subject showed, in most instances, CL works.
- No negative effects of CL.
Photo by brentdanley
Choose an Approach
- STAD- 4 or 5 members (Slavin)
- Jigsaw- 5 or 6 (Aronson, et al.)
- Learning together- 4 or 5 (Johnson and Johnson)
- Structural approach- small groups. (Kagan) Ex. Think-Pair-Share (Lyman) or Numbered Heads Together (Kagan)
1.a.Student teams achievement division STAD 4-5 members-Slavin simplest and most straightforward approach
b. Jigsaw-5-6 members-each student is responsible for learning a portion of the material
c.Learning together-4-5 members emphasizes processes for having students debrief and discuss how well they are working together
d.Structural approach-two kinds one to teach academic content thee other is for social skills
---think share pair-thinking alone,discuss with two people share together to class
---numbered heads together-3-5 members numbered off-poses question like numbers gather,teachers poses question to all and all the same numbers answer
2.choose something all are familiar with, subject matter interesting,content contains subtopics
3.diverse-race and intellectual levels
4.if textual must be rich in content...not breezy,
credible sources if internet
5.make sure that all are contributing and participating
6.make certain you have
time than you may think
Space make sure that space allows teacher to move freely among groups-4-6 cluster seating cluster desk with all desks facing one another---swing seating arrangements desks for ELs and last desk swings inward
b. Jigsaw-5-6 members-each student is responsible for learning a portion of the material
c.Learning together-4-5 members emphasizes processes for having students debrief and discuss how well they are working together
d.Structural approach-two kinds one to teach academic content thee other is for social skills
---think share pair-thinking alone,discuss with two people share together to class
---numbered heads together-3-5 members numbered off-poses question like numbers gather,teachers poses question to all and all the same numbers answer
2.choose something all are familiar with, subject matter interesting,content contains subtopics
3.diverse-race and intellectual levels
4.if textual must be rich in content...not breezy,
credible sources if internet
5.make sure that all are contributing and participating
6.make certain you have
time than you may think
Space make sure that space allows teacher to move freely among groups-4-6 cluster seating cluster desk with all desks facing one another---swing seating arrangements desks for ELs and last desk swings inward
Photo by lumaxart
Untitled Slide
Choose Appropriate Content
- Is it interesting?
- Are students familiar with the subject, or will it require further explanation?
- Does material provide sufficient information on the topic?
- Jigsaw, can the content of lesson be divided into natural subtopics?
- STAD or Jigsaw lessons, can an objective quiz be given and scored quickly?
Photo by Mullenkedheim
Forming Student Teams
- Infinite possibilities
- Know your students
- Who should choose?
- Sidney ('04) and Leonard ('00) studies.
- Choosing the greater good.
Photo by woodleywonderworks
Develop Material
- Interesting
- Developmentally Appropriate
- Relevant Text, study guides, videos, online sources
- Study guides should highlight most important content
Photo by My Standard Break From Life
Orient Students
- Orient students to tasks and roles
- students should have a clear understanding of role and teacher expectations
- Vedder and Veendrick ('03) tasks and reward structures compatable
- Cooperative not competetive
If teaching social skills, employ round robin, pair checks, time tokens or high talker tap out.
Team building: Team interviews, Team Murals, Magic Number 11
Team building: Team interviews, Team Murals, Magic Number 11
Photo by roland
Planning Time and Space
- CL lessons take longer, students need time to interact
- Transitions
- Seating: Cluster- 4 or 6, Swing (Lynn Newsome) p. 387
Photo by QuinnDombrowski
Conducting A Cooperative Lesson:
6 Phases and
Teacher Behavior
Photo by Leo Reynolds
Phase 1
Clarify Aims and Establish Set:
Teacher goes over goals and establishes the learning set
Photo by DanDeChiaro
Phase 2
Present Information
Teacher presents information either, verbally, visually, print or online text.
Photo by cybrarian77
Phase 3
Organize students into teams
Teacher explains how to form teams and make
an efficient transition.
If assigning roles, task-oriented or process-oriented roles may be used.
Task oriented: Taskmaster, Material Supervisor, Coach-helps members with content of lesson, or Recorder.
Process-oriented: Gatekeeper- reminds others to share space and participation, Encourager, Checker- check for understanding, Reflector/TimeKeeper- how much progress or lack of..
Task oriented: Taskmaster, Material Supervisor, Coach-helps members with content of lesson, or Recorder.
Process-oriented: Gatekeeper- reminds others to share space and participation, Encourager, Checker- check for understanding, Reflector/TimeKeeper- how much progress or lack of..
Photo by Wellington College
Phase 4
Assist teamwork and study:
Teacher assists each team while they work.
Photo by woodleywonderworks
Phase 5
Test on the Materials:
Teacher assesses students' knowledge of learning materials or groups present results of their work.
Photo by thebarrowboy
