WATER

• 75% of Earth's surface covered by water
• of which 97.5% is salt water
• 69.5% of fresh water locked up in
• glaciers,snow,ice and permafrost
• leaving 1% of water available for use

WATER CYCLE

• Water is a finite resource
• that is cycled and recycled
• changing its state from
• gas to liquid to solid and back
• through precipitation, evaporation and condensation

USING WATER

• The total amount of fresh water is fixed
• What is variable is:
• How people use this water
• How many people need water
• How much water each person uses

HUMAN RIGHT TO WATER

• Water most important resource required for survival
• Everyone should have right to
• safe, accessible, affordable water
• BUT.. About 1.1 billion people have inadequate access
• because water is either in short supply or polluted

WATER AND HEALTH

• 900 million people have no access to clean water
• 2.6 billion people have no safe disposal of waste
• 90% of sewage lands up back in drinking water
• Lack of hygiene kills 3.3 million people a year from
• diseases like cholera,typhoid, dysentery and malaria

WATER DISTRIBUTION

• Water is not evenly distributed
• Weather conditions affect water availability
• Population influences distribution
• Water is necessary for survival - drinking
• but also for cooking, cleaning, agriculture and industry

VIRTUAL WATER

• Virtual water
• Water used to produce goods and services
• Food production uses a lot of water
• Import and export of products
• can be a way of sharing distribution

WATER FOOTPRINT

• Total volume of water used to produce
• goods and services consumed by country
• Water footprint consists of two parts:
• use of domestic water resources
• use of water outside country borders

MANAGING WATER

• Making irrigation more efficient
• Managing water across borders
• Managing water within borders
• Managing water use in individual homes

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