PREDICTING SECOND LANGUAGE ACADEMIC SUCCESS IN ENGLISH USING THE PRISM MODEL

THE PRISM MODEL FOR BILINGUAL LEARNERS

PREDICTION

• Sociocultural
• Linguistic
• Academic
• Cognitive

Sociocultural

• It is at the heart of the Prism model
• Central to the student's SLA are the social surroundings and cultural processes in every day life
• All contexts - home, school, community, and the broader society
• These factors can affect the student's response to the new language

LINGUISTIC

• Subconscious aspects of language development
• Acquisition of the oral and the written system of language
• Student's first and second language acquisition across all domains
• Phonology, morphology - sintax, semantics, pragmatics

ACADEMIC

• It includes all school work for each grade level (K-12 and beyond)
• Language arts, mathematics, sciences, social studies, fine arts
• Each succeeding grade, academic work expands dimensions of language to higher levels
• Academic knowledge and conceptual development transfer from the L1 to the L2

COGNITIVE

• Natural subconscious process occurring developmentally from birth and beyond
• Parents naturally stimulate children's L1 cognitive growth through daily interaction
• Cognitive development should continue through a child's L1 at least in Elementary school
• Must address limguistic, cognitive, and academic development equally through both L1 and L2