Politics became defined by this struggle and the mestizos were left out entirely. By the nineteenth century, when ideas about freedom from the American and French Revolutions permeated through Latin America, the criollo elements decided to fight for independence from Spain. By 1824, only the islands of Cuba and Puerto Rico the two places where the population was most pro-Spain were left in Spanish hands. The criollos won and Latin America gained its independence.
any system of persons or things ranked one above another. This is probably the way the social structure was when Mexico City was created after conquering the Aztecs.