Lesson 4, 5 and 6
Published on Dec 24, 2015
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PRESENTATION OUTLINE
Cuando eras joven, ¿qué solías hacer? Da tres ejemplos.
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1. You already know that the preterite and the imperfect are used to talk about past events or situations.
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2. Use the preterite to talk about something that happened
• on a specific occasion or a specific number of times
El verano pasado viajé a España y acampé cerca del Río Tajo.
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• in a sequence of events
Cuando llegué, busqué alojamiento y llamé a mis amigos.
• for a specific period of time, even if it happened repeatedly
Pasé un mes en Cádiz y fui todos los días a la playa.
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3. Use the imperfect to talk about
• what used to happen for an unspecified period of time
De niño, viajaba a España con mis padres todos los veranos.
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• what people, places or things were generally like or to describe the setting
Mis abuelos eran muy activos y simpáticos. En las playas había pocos turistas. Siempre hacía calor.
• how someone felt or what he or she liked or disliked
No me gustaba ir a la playa porque le tenía miedo al mar.
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4. You can use the preterite to say what people, places or things were like, how people felt, and what they liked or disliked in order to sum up a particular occasion. Use it also to talk about someone’s reaction, or to say that a state or condition changed.
¿Fuiste a Cádiz? ¿Qué tal estuvo?
Llevé a mi hermanito a la playa y no le dio miedo.
Ayer miré algunas fotos de España y sentí mucha nostalgia.
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Pregúntale a tu compañero/a adónde iba de vacaciones de niño y qué hacía.
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1. As you have learned, both ser and estar have specific uses and cannot be used interchangeably.
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Ser is used:
• to describe or identify people, places, or things
Tomás y Elena son listos.
• to tell time
Son las dos y media.
• to say what someone's profession is
Mario es bombero.
• to talk about nationality and origin
Soy de España, pero mi mamá es francesa.
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Estar is used:
• to say where something or someone is located
Luis está en Cuenca.
• to describe physical conditions, emotions or feelings, or how something tastes
Marta estuvo enferma la semana pasada. Hernán estaba preocupado por el examen. El bistec está un poco salado.
• with the present participle to form the present or past progressive
Ellos están esperando el autobús.
¿Qué estabas haciendo cuando te llamé?
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Dile a tu compañero(a) algo que ves y algo que está pasando en el salón de clase. Describe algo verdadero y algo falso. Tu compañero(a) debe corregir lo falso. Escribe lo que dice tu compañero.
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Objetivo: Usaré el subjuntivo para hablar de esperanzas y deseos.
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1. You already know that the subjunctive mood is used to express hopes and wishes with esperar que, querer que, and preferir que, and to give advice and opinions with es mejor que, es buena idea que, es importante que, aconsejar que, recomendar que, and sugerir que.
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2. In Spanish the subjunctive usually appears in the dependent or subordinate clause, and is introduced by the conjunction que after the main clause.
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Main clause Subordinate clause
Espero que el viaje a Toledo sea divertido.
Te recomiendo que des una caminata por la ciudad.
I hope the trip to Toledo is fun. I recommend you take a walk around the city.
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Different subjects:
Espero que Carmen pueda acompañarnos a Guadalajara.
I hope Carmen can come with us to Guadalajara.
Óscar sugiere que nosotros llevemos un picnic al lago.
Oscar suggests we bring a picnic to the lake.
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The subjunctive is used when the subjects of the main clause and the subordinate clause are different.
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