Western philosophy originates in Greece. European countries to the west (UK, Germany, France, Italy, etc.) and Northern American countries fall under Western Philosophy.

Logic--rules of proper thinking
Aristotle

Descartes
study of the theories of knowledge
Do we learn from experience or from intuition

Metaphysics
Plato
Beyond what science can prove.
study of the nature of reality

Socrates
He didn't invent morality. He just studied it.