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Clauses & Sentences

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PRESENTATION OUTLINE

Clauses and Sentences

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INDEPENDENT CLAUSE

IT CAN STAND ALONE
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DEPENDENT CLAUSES

THEY NEED AN INDEPENDENT CLAUSE

THREE KINDS OF CLAUSES

NOUN, ADJECTIVE, Adverb
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Noun Clauses

Noun Clause Functions

  • It's a statement within a statement
  • Include a question within a statement
  • Repeat someone's words
  • Report what someone said

Statement within Statement

  • I think
  • I'm disappointed
  • I know
  • I'm afraid
  • I'm surprised
  • I've noticed
  • Many people think
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Noun Clause with Question within Statement

  • Please tell me
  • I have no idea
  • You need to decide
  • I'm not sure
  • Nobody knows
  • I can't tell you
  • It's important to ask
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REPORTED SPEECH

noun clause
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QUOTED SPEECH

WATCH YOUR PUNCTUATION

ADJECTIVE CLAUSE

RELATIVE CLAUSES TELL MORE INFORMATION ABOUT THE NOUN
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Restrictive Relative Clause

information needed to identify noun

Non Restrictive Adjective clause

Adds additional information to the noun
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Adjective Clause

WHO AND THAT 

Adjective Clause

That and Which
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Adjective Clause

"Where" for location

Adjective Clause

Whose for Possession
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ADVERBIAL CLAUSES

Time, Manner, Cause, Result, Concession, Condition
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Adverbial Clauses of Time

before, since, until, when, while, whenever
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Adverbial Clause of Manner

Answer the "how" (as if, as though, like)
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Adverbial Clause of Cause

why- purpose, reason, avoidance, (so that, so as, before, for, since)

Adverbial Clauses of concession

contrast to main clause -although, even though, whereas, while
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Adverbial Clauses of Condition

Depends on main clause with free adjunct

APPOSITIVES

NOT A CLAUSE BUT A PHRASE

APPOSITIVES
It renames the nounwith a phrase.
Kate, a sweet girl with long hair, sits next to me.

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4 Types of Sentences

Simple, Compound, Complex, Compound/Complex

Simple Sentence

Subject/Verb/Direct Object

Compound Sentence

Two Independant Clauses joined with a Conjunction
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Complex Sentence

Dependent and Independent 

Complex/Compound Sentence

While the woman was speaking, the protesters yelled, and the cameraman caught it all on cameral.
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