UNDERSTAND INFLUENCES ON DIETARY

FOOD CHOICES

• Food choices for a balanced diet depend on many factors, such as: 1.health factors 2.Dietary habits 3.lifestyle . 4.Economic factors . 5.socio-culture issues. 6.education . 7.social policy .

3.1 HEALTH FACTORS.

• Health factors in the County Health Rankings represent what influences the health of a county.
• Living with a long-lasting health condition presents many challenges.Understanding more about your condition, and doing your part to manage it, can help you take health challenges in stride

3.1 HEALTH FACTORS.

• Diabetes mellitus
• Coeliac disease
• Irritable bowel syndrome
• Lactose intolerance
• Food allergy.

DIABETES MELLITUS.

• Diabetes mellitus is a chronic, lifelong condition that affects your bodys ability to use the energy found in food.
• Type of diabetes:1. IDDM is treated with insulin injections. 2. NIDDM is treated either by diet alone or with a combination of diet and tablets.

COELIAC DISEASE:

• Coeliac disease is a common digestive condition where a person has an adverse reaction to gluten.
• Coeliac disease isnt an allergy or an intolerance to gluten.
• In cases of coeliac disease, the immune system mistakes substances found inside gluten as a threat to the body and attacks them.

IRRITABLE BOWEL SYNDROME.

• Even though signs and symptoms are uncomfortable, IBS unlike ulcerative colitis and Crohns disease, which are forms of inflammatory bowel disease doesnt cause changes in bowel tissue or increase your risk of colorectal cancer.
• Only a small number of people with irritable bowel syndrome have severe signs and symptoms.
• Some people can control their symptoms by managing diet, lifestyle and stress.

FOOD ALLERGY.

• Food allergies or food intolerances affect nearly everyone at some point.
• One out of three people either say that they have a food allergy or that they modify the family diet because a family member is suspected of having a food allergy.
• It is extremely important for people who have true food allergies to identify them and prevent allergic reactions to food because these reactions can cause devastating illness.

Loss of ability to feed independently

• Reasons for needing full support with eating and drinking: • 1-people are unable to feed themselves independently:1-throughout their lives. following an accident. Paralysis. 2-unable to take food in by the mouth and have to be fed by tube. assist people who are having difficulty in feeding themselves • How can we keep some degree of independence. 1-wide-handled cutlery, plate guards and assist people who are having difficulty in feeding themselves.

3.2 dietary habits

• Dietary Habits are the habitual decisions of individuals or group of people regarding what foods they eat. Proper dietary choices require the consumption of vitamins, minerals, carbohydrates, proteins and fats. Dietary habits and choices play a significant role in human health.

MeaL patterns

• Meal Patterns can incorporate standards including: low sodium, low fat, low saturated fat, and low cholesterol as designated by State Units of Aging guidelines.
• Meals patterns refers to the way a person takes their food. Some people stick to the traditional three meals a day. There has been an increase in the habit of ' grazing '
• young people eating prevent the onset of eating disorders in children and adolescents'.

Meal patterns

• Limitations of using a meal pattern as the only source of information to develop a menu for a meal pattern to function properly, meals must follow a narrow meal pattern with no deviation
• Ex:In our traditional for the three meals a day, I always not eat my breakfast, but in the lunch I eat alone because everyone comeback from there work at different times, but at the dinner we eat together.

Snacking

• A small portion of food or drink or a light meal, especially one eaten between regular meals.
• If the snacks have of healthy foods, such as fruit, don’t have a lot of calories .
• Example:After breakfast I eat one portion of chocolate and between the lunch and dinner I eat 2 portion of fruits and drink coffee, and after the lunch I eat salad.

PERSONAL TASTES

• People have personal tastes in clothes, personal tastes in art, and members of one gender have personal tastes in members of the other gender.
• Many people who have transitioned from an unhealthy lifestyle to a healthy one report the following: foods that once tasted delicious now dont, and the foods that in the past didnt taste so good, now taste great!

PERSONAL TASTES

• 1.Some people feel it is morally wrong to eat animals, vegetarian diet. 2.Some people extend to a vegan diet, no animal products are eaten at all. 3.Religion can also effect dietary intake. 4.The diet provided is nutritionally balanced.
• For example in our religion Islam doesn't allowed us to eat pork.

3.3 lifestyle

• Lifestyles' publications cover a range of topics including smoking, alcohol, drug use, obesity and contraception. Some of these publications are sourced from surveys commissioned by the Health and Social Care Information Centre (HSCIC), while a suite of compendia publications (indicated by "c") presents a range of data on the topic from a variety of sources, as well as new analyses carried out by the HSCIC and made available in one easy-to-use source.

EATING AT HOME.

• Eating at home means that you can have total control over what you eat.
• Can improve a familys diet and its easier on the pocketbook, too.
• Parents and grandparents can pass down a healthy legacy to their children and grandchildren
• For example we cook our food in the home and also we eat together, and we eating at home more than we eating outside.

Exercise/activity levels

• People who participate in the strenuous activity will have different dietary needs.
• High: You participate at least 3 times a week in heavy physical exercise, e.g. you run 10-40 km/6-25 miles or you cycle 2-4 hours per week or spend that time in comparable physical activity.
• For example I always go swimming two times a week, and I like to play bicycle every day.

3.4 Economic factors

• Economic factors relate to changes such as costs and prices of goods, interest rates, wage rates, exchange rates and the rate of inflation. These all affect the ability of businesses to generate profits and need close monitoring.

Cost of food

• Cost is one of the most important factors when we select food.Is an interactive tool to help with healthy meal planning, cooking, and grocery shopping.
• The site features a searchable database of healthy recipes, options to build a cookbook, print recipe cards.
• For example, chicken tend to be cheaper than beef and lamb, and are healthier foods, they are lower in fat.

ACCESS TO SHOPS

• The food you are able to eat may depend on how easy it is for you to access shops.
• Access to services is not just about installing ramps and widening doorways for wheelchair users - it is about making services easier to use for all people with disabilities, including people who are blind, deaf or have a learning disability.Supermarkets usually provide the best value for money, with a better choice and more competitive prices.

ACCESS TO SHOPS

• supermarkets can be accessed by public transport. The Internet shopping access to the Internet and the skills to use computers.
• for example the Offers sales Carrefour supermarket. Also Slim & Light is the center of healthy nutrition shall provide the diets, health and delicious that you specially prepared and connected even door of the house. This is defined diets under the control of a group of nutrition.

Food supply

• fruit and vegetables were sold only when they were in season.
• To offset this, some countries like the United States provide farm subsidies in order to stabilize farm production and the food market.Additionally, research continues searching for ways to improve food yields in the face of an ever-growing population.

3.5 socio-cultural issue

• One of the biggest influences on diet is the family.First eating habits from your carers and it is they who 2- guided you about what you should and should not eat.
• Through teaching you about healthy eating or religious rules, or indirectly through the foods that you have been served and your carers own preferences and tastes.
• An example of fasting in Ramadan after Fajr to Maghreb's prayer, after maghreb's prayer we can eat our traditional food.

3.6 Education

• Health education is any combination of learning experiences designed to help individuals and communities improve their health, by increasing their knowledge or influencing their attitudes.
• Money is spent on educating the population about: healthy eating, and food hygiene, and this education has influence over the foods we choose to eat, and how we prepare them.

Public health

• Public health refers to all organized measures to prevent disease, promote health, and prolong life among the population as a whole.Also professionals monitor and diagnose the health concerns of entire communities.An example of this McDonald's one of the workers, who were preparing the food the bread It crashed into the ground and after that she take that bread from the ground and put it in the meal

Health education

• The recent years there have been a number of prominent campaigns to improve public awareness of healthy eating.
• The five-a-day campaign began in 2003, the UK population was managing to achieve this target. childrens lunch boxes now contain 16 per cent more fruit and 25 per cent more vegetables.for example there are no junk food in our school. there are only health food, because they take care for us.

Food hygiene

• According to the Food Standards Agency, the group charged with protecting the public in the United Kingdom with regard to food, avoiding cross-contamination between raw and ready-to-eat food is one of the most important aspects of food hygiene.
• Good food hygiene involves : 1-frequent hand-washing, 2- correct storage of food, 3-thorough cooking.

Marketing and labelling

• Marketing and labelling Food labels allow people to make choices about the food they eat.
• Many foods are marketed as healthy options, some food manufacturers make claims about their health benefits.

Role of health professionals

• Dieticians:Dieticians work with patients who need a special diet.
• Public health nutritionists:Public health nutritionists do not work with individuals.
• Doctors:General practitioners( GPs) are in an ideal position to discuss diet during consultations.
• Nurses:Nurses also need a good understanding of both healthy diets and special diets.

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3.7 social policy

• (Legislation, regulation and policies).
• There have been several attempts to improve the diet of the population through social policy. This is a different approach to health education, and involves creating more opportunities for people to choose healthy foods.

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REFERENCE:

• http://www.countyhealthrankings.org/our-approach/health-factors http://www.webmd.com/diabetes/guide/types-of-diabetes-mellitus http://www.nhs.uk/Conditions/Coeliac-disease/Pages/Introduction.aspx http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/irritable-bowel-syndrome/basi... http://www.webmd.com/allergies/guide/food-allergy-intolerances

REFERENCE:

• http://www.dictionary.com/browse/snacking http://health101.org/art_Personal_Taste.htm http://www.heart.org/HEARTORG/ http://www.cnpp.usda.gov/ https://www.nidirect.gov.uk/articles/access-to- http://www.who.int/topics/health_education/ http://www.who.int/trade/glossary/story076/ http://www.ask.com/food/food-hygiene-4e8bb2447dda70