a threadlike structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic information in the form of genes.

deoxyribonucleic acid, a self-replicating material which is present in nearly all living organisms as the main constituent of chromosomes. It is the carrier of genetic information.

a unit of heredity which is transferred from a parent to offspring and is held to determine some characteristic of the offspring.

the phenomenon of one variant of a gene on a chromosome masking or overriding the effect of a different variant of the same gene on the other copy of the chromosome.

the passing on of physical or mental characteristics genetically from one generation to another.

the passing on of physical or mental characteristics genetically from one generation to another.

having two different alleles of a particular gene or genes.

having two identical alleles of a particular gene or genes.

The formation of sex cells is a central part of human reproduction: In fertilization, an egg cell and a sperm cell combine. These sex cells are also called reproductive cells or gametes. Sperm cells are produced in men's testicles and egg cells are produced in women's ovaries.

the set of observable characteristics of an individual resulting from the interaction of its genotype with the environment

the genetic constitution of an individual organism- expressed in letters

The Punnett square is a square diagram that is used to predict the genotypes of a particular cross or breeding experiment.