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More About Hypothesis

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PRESENTATION OUTLINE

Complex Hypothesis

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A hypothesis formulated when predicting a relationship between 2 (or more) independent variables to 2 (or more) dependent variables (multivariate hypothesis)

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Eg: The personal life & student life of pupils affect their level of performance.

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Eg: There is a significant relationship between family matters, school matters & social matters in the performance of students.

Directional Hypothesis

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A hypothesis that specifies not only the existence but the expected direction of the relationship between the independent & a dependent variable

Eg: Lower levels of exercise are associated with greater weight retention than higher levels of exercise

Eg: The longer the swim workout, the higher the cardiovascular endurance

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Eg: Leadership by example positively affects the kind of student leaders produced in the campus

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Non-Directional Hypothesis

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A hypothesis that does not stipulate the direction of the relationship between the independent & a dependent variable

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Eg: Women with different levels of postpartum depression differ with regard to weight retention

Eg: The sources of stress are related to the different coping mechanisms among students

Eg: The number of days spent in training is associated with the level of performance in triathlon

Research Hypothesis

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Also referred to as substantive, declarative, or scientific hypothesis, also known as expected relationships between variables

Null Hypothesis

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A hypothesis formulated for the purpose of statistical analysis. It is subjected to testing in which the decision is EITHER TO ACCEPT OR REJECT IT

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Eg: There is no significant relationship between the profile, classroom leadership, & management skills & the school’s performance of teachers

Eg: The kind of teaching methods used has no effect on the level of performance of students as shown in their academic grades & behavior in class

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