CHAPTER 5

THE SEA & THE LAND

• Every part of mainland close to uneven coast line
• Fishers, sailors, traders
• Greeks set up colonies along Mediterranean
• Short mountain ranges cut up mainland
• Rivers are short

MINOANS

• 2000 B.C.
• Named after king of Crete, King Minos
• Artists covered palace walls with Frescos
• Also carved figures from bronze, gold, ivory, & stone
• Many minons were sailors & traders (mostly food)

MINOANS

• Weakened by tidal waves & volcanic eruptions
• Conquered by Myceneans 1400 B.C.

MYCENAEANS

MYCENAEANS

• Controlled mainland Greece
• Grouped into tribes & clans
• Fort like cities in Southern Greece
• Carried out raids in Eastern Greece
• 1200 B.C. earthquakes & warfare destroyed cities

MYCENAEANS

• Used Minoan system of writing
• Linear B
• Adopted Minoan elements

CITY STATES OF GREECE

CITY-STATES

• Polis represented center of Greek identity
• Citizens loyal to Polis
• (Most willing to die for Polis)
• Independent & self sufficient communities

CITY STATES

• 3 Basic Ideas:
• Geographical territory
• Community it represented
• Political & Economic Independence

CITY-STATES

• Population less than 10,000 people
• Only free adult males had citizenship rights
• Public meetings held in agoras
• Formed own: laws, gov., calendar,
• money & system of weights & measurement

ALL OF GREECE

• Spoke same language
• Shared religious, culture, & ideas
• Festivals brought them together