a self-replicating material which is present in nearly all living organisms as the main constituent of chromosomes. It is the carrier of genetic information.

the fundamental and distinctive characteristics or qualities of someone or something, especially when regarded as unchangeable.

a gene is a sequence DNA or RNA that encodes the synthesis of a gene product, either RNA or protein. During gene expression, the DNA is first copied into RNA. The RNA can be directly functional or be the intermediate template for a protein that performs a function.

A structure in all living cells that consists of a single molecule of DNA that’s bonded to various proteins and that carries the gene’s. In all eukaryotic cells, the chromosomes appear as threadlike strands in the nucleus.

allele is a possible form of a gene. Most genes have two alleles, a dominant trait is expressed. So a gene is a particular region of your DNA that controls a specific trait.

Genotype, the genetic of an organism. The genotype determines the hereditary potentials and limitations of an individual from adulthood. Among organisms that reproduce sexually, an individual's genotype comprises the entire complex of genes inherited from both parents.

phenotypes. The physical appearance characteristic of an organism as a result of the interaction of its genotype and the environment. The expression of a particular trait, for example, skin color, height, behavior, according to the individual's genetic makeup and environment.

A genetic trait is considered dominant if it is expressed in a person who has only one copy of that gene. A dominant trait is opposed to a recessive trait which is expressed only when two copies of the gene are present.

A recessive gene is a gene that can be masked by a dominant gene. In order to have a trait that is expressed by a recessive gene, such as your eye color, you must get the gene for blue eyes from both of your parents or one of your parents.

Heredity is the passing of traits from parents to their offspring; either through asexual reproduction or sexual reproduction, the offspring cells or organisms acquire the genetic information of their parents.

Having two of different alleles of a gene (Dominant and Recessive Dd)

Having two identical alleles of a gene (two dominant or two recessive DD dd)

Female sex cells are called ova or egg cells, and male sex cells are called sperm. Sex cells are haploid cells, and each cell carries only one copy of each chromosome.