Graff, Agnieszka 2006 We Are (Not All) Homophobes: A Report From Poland. Feminist Studies 32(2). Graff Agnieszka, a doctorate in English Literature, argues that homophobia and heteronormativity create a desire for invisibility in the gay community. She explains how the queer community often uses speech in a hedging fashion, avoiding terms that outright signal one as gay (example: “friend” instead of “lover”). She concludes that while this notion of visibility is deteriorating and now language is used in a non-conciliatory fashion, this language is still largely gay male centric. This article is relevant to my research because it addresses how everyday language can be heteronormative and explores how more privileged members of the gay community have more influence over language production.
Foucault, Michel. Discipline and Punish: The Birth of the Prison. New York: Pantheon, 1975. Print. French social theorist Michel Foucault uses Jeremy Bentham's panoptic prison to illustrate how spatial orientation and visibility can control human behavior, exerting power over bodies. He asserts that the feeling of being watched, or susceptibility to the panoptic gaze, causes individuals to behave according to acceptable norms. This is particularly relevant to open kitchen style restaurants where chefs and employees are visible from all directions. I hypothesize that this visibility moderates their behavior and creates a drastically different working environment as compared to a closed kitchen.
Thrift shopping has become a fad highly visible both in popular culture and alternative contexts. In what ways do people produce meanings through the act of thrift shopping? Does the thrift shopping trend clash with the act of thrift shopping out of economic necessity? Why or why not?