THE GOLD RUSH, NWMP, THE CPR AND APT

THE GOLD RUSH

• August 16,1896 Charmack, his wife Kate and a few family friends where looking for gold in the Rabbit creek ( later Bonanza Creek).
• The history is unclear on how the gold was found but Charmack said he saw it and pulled it out of the ground but Jim(family friend) said he ( Jim) was washing dishes in the creek and found the gold.
• Later on many prospectors came from Alaska and all over to get rich!
• When they hit a top of a hill or mountain they would slide down on toboggan like wood planks and ride down. When you stopped to take a break it would take several hours to get back in line.
• The trail they hiked was the Chilkoot trail that goes up and down

GOLD RUSH #2

• Once everyone started coming a new city was formed and it was called Dawson City
• At the start Dawson City had a population of 40,000 but after the gold rush it only had 5,000
• The way they would find the gold is they would pour gravel and water into the top of a machine then they would shake it back and forth and the water would pour out and the gold would be on top

THE NWMP

• Before Canada could stretch from sea to sea the government had to negotiate with the indigenous about wanting to settle their land
• Another thing the government had to settle is the whiskey traders were selling whiskey illegally and there were hunters from USA on soon to be Canada’s land
• To take care of the whiskey traders, to make good terms with the indigenous and to get rid of the hunters the government came up with the NWMP.
• the NWMP had red jackets and road on horses when they first set of to the west to settle stuff
• Once they got to where the whiskey traders were hiding out ( fort Whoop-up ) the whiskey traders were gone
• The hunters got kicked out and the indigenous and the government were finally at peace

THE NWMP #2

• Some of the most important jobs of the NWMP were to make good terms with the indigenous, to stop the whiskey traders and to get rid of the US hunters
• Some of the not so important jobs of the NWMP were to provide medication, gave out food to indigenous when supplies were low, delivered mail, took the census, acted like the bigger person, kept track of farming conditions, and settled fights
• One member of the NWMP was Jerry Potts and without him the indigenous and the Canadian government may have never been at peace and he leaded the expedition to fort Whoop-up to catch the whiskey traders
• Without him Canada might be a different place

THE CPRAILWAY

• The Canadian Pacific Railway conductor had Queen Victoria on the front with the number 374
• The Railway took several years to build and killed over 9000 people
• Hugh Allan at the time was the richest man in Canada and when he heard about the Railway being built he wanted the contract now
• At the same time John A MacDonald was losing votes from Ontario and Quebec so he really needed money for his champagne and fast!
• Hugh Allan and MacDonald both needed something so Hugh Allan said that he would pay MacDonald 360,000 for his champagne if MacDonald gave him the contract to the Railway
• MacDonald said yes and they both got caught. MacDonald lost the election to the liberals
• The hardest part in building the Railway was blowing up the mountain and they used the cheapest dynamite because it would have been expensive

ADDITION OF PROVINCES AND TERRITORIES

• Nunavut
• The word Nunavut in Inuit means our land
• Nunavut split from the Northwest Territories on April 1st 1999 and is an example of indigenous self government works
• The government doesn’t have political parties instead it has elected officials and before a decision is made all the officials have to say yes
• The official languages of Nunavut are Inuktitut ( ee-NOOK-ti-toot) and Inuinnaqtun ( ee-noo-ee-NOK-ton)
• In the North life is based of the Inuit tradition that is called Qaujimajatuqangit ( cow-yee-ma-yatoo-Kang- eet)

PEI

• Prince Edward Island had the choice to join Canada in 1867 but chose not to because the citizens thought that since the were so small all their problems would be overheard
• The only concern that MacDonald had was with the trade of the states because the states might get PEI before Canada did
• So MacDonald offered : money, trade and communication links to the main land
• PEI refused
• Later on PEI did decide to chose Canada because they were fed up with dept from the railroad and landlords that didn’t live there
• Over all PEI did join Canada because they were promised a steamship service with the mainland and everyone would get $50
• PEI joined Canada on July 1st 1873

YUKON

• In the late 19th century many people traveled to the Yukon for gold
• So the Canadian government said that it would be best if the Yukon was its own territory
• The reason being is because with so many people coming the province would be able to control the number of people that are coming and the number of people leaving
• In 1898 Yukon split from the Northwest Territories

ALBERTA AND SASKATCHEWAN

• Farmers from Europe and western Canada came east to farm
• Alberta and Saskatchewan we’re apart of the Northwest Territories and the government liked that because the provinces could have schools, roads and other services
• But Alberta and Saskatchewan did end up splitting from the Northwest Territories in 1905

NEWFOUNDLAND AND LABRADOR

• Newfoundland has the choice to join Canada’s confederation in 1867 but chose not to because some thought that they would become victims of non-catholic laws and merchants didn’t want to pay higher taxes
• 1916 and on Newfoundland had huge economic losses because of dept from World War One and later the price of fish dropped as well and put Newfoundland in an economic deppresion

BC

• May 1868 Amor De Cosmos made a responsible government for BC and to join the confederation of Canada
• BC joined Canada on July 20th 1871
• one main reason why is because the citizens were promised the CPRailway to be connected across Canada and it was

Manitoba

• The Metis of the Red River Valley saw that their issues were being igrored
• So they made the Red River Rebellion over Louis Reil and made a provincial government and the province was named Manitoba
• Later Manitoba joined Canada in 1870, after the famous exicution of Louis Reil
• Manitoba was Canada's fifth province

Comprehension

THE GOLD RUSH
In the year 1896 Goerge Carmack , his wife Kate Carmack, Kate's brother,Skookum , Jim Mason and Takish Charlie were all looking for gold in Rabbit Creek. I would love to say how the first piece of gold was found but history is unclear how it was exactly found. Car Mack said that he found it in the river washing dishes but Jim and Charlie said that Carmack was asleep and Jim pulled it out of the ground. Who ever found it the nugget was worth about $4. Later more men started coming and found gold too. Around 100000 prospectors came to mine for gold . How they would find gold is they would pour gravel and water into a machine and the machine would shake and the water would sink to the bottom so all the rocks and gold would stay at the top.

GOLD RUSH#2
How the prospectors came over from Alaska is they took the Chillkoot Trail and coming into Canada they had to bring a years supply of cloths and food so they weren’t considered illegal immigrants . When going over mountains and such once the reached the top the had toboggan like wood planks so they could slide down. Where the Two rivers met a new city was born and was called Dawson City. During the gold rush the population was 40,000 and after the gold rush it had a population of 5,000. Many people after the gold rush went home rich .

THE NWMP
The Northwest Mounted Police were a group of men that had three main jobs; to make good relations with the indigenous, to rid Canada of the U.S hunter hunting on Canada's land and to catch the whiskey traders at fort whoop-up. Some less important jobs are to provide medication, give food to indigenous, delivered mail, took the census, acted as the bigger person, kept track of farming conditions and settled fights. Before Canada could stretch from sea to sea the government had to negotiate with the indigenous about settling on their land so the NWMP had to make good relations so that the government could talk with them and so they might say yes. The hunters that were hunting on soon to be Canadas land, the government was worried that the US might get that colony before Canada did. And the whiskey traders were selling whiskey illegally so the government wanted them gone. So the government came up with the NWMP. The NWMP were dressed in bright red coats and road on horses. On July 4th, 1874 the NWMP headed out to do what the government asked. But when the NWMP got to fort Whoop-up the whiskey traders had left. Jerry Potts had lead the expedition to fort Whoop-up and helped make good terms with the indigenous so with out him Canada could be a very different place!

THE CANADAIN PACIFIC RAILWAY ( CPR )
The CPR is a railway that stretches from Ontario to British Columbia . The train had the number 347 on the front along with the face of queen Victoria. The making of the railroad took several years and killed over 9,000 people ( a large portion was Chinese immigrants ). Before the railroad was started Hugh Allan ( owned his own steamship line) was the richest man in Canada at the time because his job was an industrialist. When he heard that the railroad was being built he new he had to get that contract. At that same time John A. MacDonald was in the election and was losing votes from Quebec and Ontario. Hugh Allan went to negotiate with MacDonald and he said that he will give MacDonald $360,000 if MacDonald gave him the contract to the railroad. MacDonald said yes but not long later they both got caught. MacDonald lost the election to the liberals. During the building of the railroad the crew that was working on it said the hardest part was going through BC because of all the mountains. The railroad still runs today and still is a big part of Canada!

ADDITION OF PROVINCES AND TERRITORIES
All the provinces and territories that belong to Canada had to have joined confederation at some time. For example Manitoba joined confederation in 1870, Nunavut joined on April 1st 1999 , PEI joined July 1st 1873, Yukon joined 1898, Alberta and Saskatchewan joined 1905, Newfoundland and Labrador joined 1948, BC joined July 20th 1871, and there are some I did not list because those provinces and territories are all original. All those provinces and territories that I listed are all apart of Canada and if you look you will see them on a map!

Analysis

SYNTHESIS

EVALUATION

SOURCES

THANK YOU!!!!!

Question
“ How did the construction of the Canadian Pacific Railway play a key role in the western provinces joining confederation?” It played a key role because if John A Macdonald had not have promised the railway to be built the provinces might have joined a different country. Another way it played a key role is it opened up tourism . The tourism brought lots of people that could make nice, strong, big cities. And the more people that lived in the cities the more money the government made out of taxes. And with that money the government could make deals with other countries that will help our own.

A PRODUCTION BY BROOKLYN!