Unit 5 Vocab

Political Revolution

• when people overthrow the government to replace 
• the existing political system
• beginning in 1763, The American colonies wanted freedom
• from Britain, which lead to a political revolution.

Republicanism

• form of government complete with separation of powers
• and elected officials that represent the people
• Our democracy is based on principles of republicanism

Liberalism

• idea favoring individual political and economic freedom
• also limits state power
• The founding political documents of the United States
• reflected liberal philosophy.

COup d' état

• an abrupt and violent overthrow of government
• translates to, "a blow against the state."
• In 1799, the army's leader, Napoleon Bonaparte, took part
• in a coup d'état that effectively ended the French Revolution

Nationalism

• a belief that people should be loyal to their nation, 
• rather than be loyal to a king
• In France, Napoleon Bonaparte had tapped that spirit of nationalism
• to form a massive volunteer army.

Constitutionalism

• Government in which power is distributed and limited 
• by a system of laws that must me obeyed by the rulers
• Meiji government saw that by matching western advances,
• could Japan survive in the modern world, so Meiji 
• leaders looked to constitutionalism.

Concession

• special economic privilege granted to a foreign power
• In 1895, as a result of war with a resurgent Japan,
• China lost control of Korea, and extracted economic concession
• from China.

Capital

• wealth in the form of money or of resources that can
• be used to produce other goods.
• Britain's success from overseas ventures infused the
• economy with capital.

Capitalism

• economic system in which resources are privately owned
• and markets determine how those resources are distributed
• In the mid-1800s, a new robust business form, the corporation,
• was born, and is now the cornerstone of capitalism.

Socialism

• money made from production of goods are publicly 
• owned and shared for the benefit of all
• Some people argue that the great wealth generated
• by the Industrial Revolution should be shared
• by all members of society.

Imperialism

• the invasion and takeover of a weaker nation with intent
• to dominate the political, economic, and social lives of its' people
• The Roman, Athenian, Ottoman, Gupta, Han, and many other
• states had all practiced imperialism.