The Legacy Of Greece
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Introduction
Ancient Greece left many legacies for our modern day world. These include drama, art forms, history, philosophy, mathematics and physics, and even basic science. A major legacy was the use of democracy which we use in America today.
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Drama
Drama was a part of every city states religious festival. Dramas were sponsored by the wealthy citizens. Plays were made by citizens and the city leader would take them and assign the plays to groups of actors. There would also be contests so you could win money.
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Tragedy
Tragedy was a serious form of drama that related to the downfall of someone like a king. Which gave citizens a feel of what their life and culture would be like without an important figure in the city state.
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Comedy
Comedy was definitely not as serious. It usually made fun of politics, and with the amount of political events that happen in a democracy comedies weren't hard to make at the time. One famous writer, Aristophanes, created a comedy about people who gain power it was called "The Birds".
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Greek Artists Aimed
To Capture The Ideal
In other words, Greek artists aimed for perfection in sculptures, paintings, and mosaics. Greeks, at the time, spent a lot of time out doors and so tried to create perfect harmony in every aspect of every work. Most works portrayed the gods.
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Columns
The Greeks had three types of columns, Ionic, Doric, and Corinthian although they didn't use Corinthian much. The most common was the Doric which had a plain flat top. The Ionic had what appeared to be a scroll top. Finally the Corinthian is very grand and what you see in the picture.
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Herodotus
Herodotus was the first Greek historian. He was also called the "father of history". As a young man he travelled widely, and he then wrote down a history of the Persian War. This gave a kick start for all historians.
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Thucydides
Thucydides was another of the first Greek historians. Thucydides was the one who wrote a historic account of the Peloponnesian War. He used documents and eyewitness accounts to make sure he was as accurate as possible.
Philosophy
After the Peloponnesian War Greek thinkers began to ask themselves questions and so was the beginning of philosophy. They assumed the universe was put together in an orderly way, and believed the laws of nature controlled all of the universe. They thought in enough time they could understand these laws.
Plato
Plato was one of Socrates' best students. He wrote a book, The Republic, about an ideal government. He believed there should be a philosopher-King rule. The king should be wise and calm like a philosopher. Plato started a school called the Academy which was open for about 900 years.
Socrates
Socrates was one of many famous philosophers at the time. He taught young people in a question-answer way called the Socratic Method. He was forced to drink hemlock, a poison, after being accused of causing children to revolt.
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Aristotle
Aristotle was the brightest of Plato's students. He invented a debate method that followed the rules of logic. Aristotle later opened a school called the Lyceum in which he tutored Alexander the Great.
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Astronomy
Some of the astronomical knowledge we use today came from Greece. For example a Greek astronomer found out how to estimate the circumference of Earth. Greek astronomers estimated that the sun was 300 times the size of Earth when in reality it is 1.3 million times the size of Earth. Astronomers also placed the Earth at the center of the solar system, a belief that lasted 1,400 years.
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Mathematics & Physics
Hellenistic mathematicians created many kinds of math. Euclid, a mathematician, created the bases of geometry we use today.
Archimedes, an inventor, helped create a steam engine based on the ideas of physics.
Archimedes
Archimedes was an inventor who explained the law of the lever. He also created a compound pulley which was later used to make steam engines.
Hypatia
Hypatia was the first noted female mathematician. She taught at Alexandria and was also a astronomer. She was also the leader for Plato's philosophical movement.
Conclusion
Although they lived almost 2000 years ago the Greeks left a huge legacy. Our government, science, and even math is partly Greek. So it's no wonder almost every taught thing has Greek roots.
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