SIMPLE MACHINES

BASICS

• The 6 simple machines are lever, wheel, axel, pulley, inclined plane & screw
• 3 simple machines that belong to the inclined plane is ramp, wedge, screw
• 3 machines that belong to lever is leve, wheel & axle, the pulley

WORK

• Scientific word for work is the distance over which the force is applied
• The formula to calculate work is force x distance
• Machines Change the direction of the applied force

Untitled Slide

INCLINED PLANE

• An inclined plane is a slope or ramp
• If the slope increases the mechanical advantage decreases

WEDGE

• A wedge is 2 inclined planes back to back
• A wedge and a inclined plane are related to each other because they only have one sloping surface

SREW

• A screw is an inclined plane wrapped around a cylinder
• Screw and inclined planes are related to each other because the incline plane forms ridges in a spiral along a cylinder and a screw is an inclined plane wrapped around a cylinder
• The pitch of a screw is the distance between the threads

WHEEL AND AXLE

• A wheel & axle is a first class lever in which the fulcrum has been replaced by an axle & the arms
• It works by you having to count in friction and wheel & axle where a small amount of force is applied to the wheel which causes a greater force

LEVER

• Lever is a basic tool loading around pivot using a force
• 3 parts to a lever are effort, load & fulcrum
• 2 examples are see-saw & scissors
• In the middle of a class 2 lever is load
• 2 examples of a class 3 lever is fishing rods & tongs

PULLEY

• It is a simple machine made w/ rope, belt or chain wrapped around a wheel
• 3 types are fixed, movable & combined
• A disadvantage of a fixed pulley is is you don't have to push or pull the pulley up and down
• A advantage would be you have to push or pull the pulley to go up and down
• An advantage for a combined pulley would Be the amount of effort is less then half of the load
• A disadvantage would be travels a very long distance

MECHANICAL ADVANTAGE

• Mechanical advantage is the factor by which a machine multiplies the force put into it
• Scientists calculate actual mechanical advantages like AMA = RI actual
• Actual MA is always less than ideal MA because of the input and output force