ORGANIC COMPOUNDS PROJECT

CARBOHYDRATES

WHAT IS A CARBOHYDRATE & WHAT IS IT'S CHEMICAL COMPOSITION?

• A large group of organic compounds that are found in foods, living tissues, and include starch, sugar, and cellulose.
• Carbon, Hydrogen,&Oxygen(CHO)
• 1:2:1 Ratio like water.
• Hydroxyl group (-OH)

FUNCTION & EXAMPLES

• Function: Source of Energy, Structural Material
• Examples:Monosaccharide (glucose, fructose, galactose)
• Polysaccharide (glycogen, starch, cellulose, chitin)
• The bond formed between 2 monosaccharides is known as a Glycosidic bond
• Whole-grain products such as brown rice, beans, whole wheat bread, whole oats,wheat, whole rye,and whole-grain corn are considered good carbohydrates.

LIPIDS

WHAT IS A LIPID & WHAT IS IT'S CHEMICAL COMPOSITION

• Class of organic compounds that are fatty acids and are insoluble in water but soluble in organic solvents.
• Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen
• Carboxyl Group

FUNCTION & EXAMPLES

• Function: Store energy, Insulate, Protects water loss, physical shock, hormones.
• Examples: Wax, phospholipids, fats&oils, triglycerides, steroids.

PROTEINS

WHAT IS A PROTEIN & WHAT IS IT'S CHEMICAL COMPOSITION?

• Class of nitrogenous organic compounds that consist of large molecules composed of one or more long chains of amino acids.
• Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Sulfur
• Amino and Carboxyl group
• Primary, Secondary, Tertiary, Quaternary

FUNCTION & EXAMPLES

• Function:Building block of cells, Storage (albumin), Transport (hemoglobin), Regulatory (hormones), Movement (muscles), Structural (hair), Enzymes(cellular reaction)
• Examples: amino acids, hair, skin, muscles, ligaments, polypeptides

NUCLEIC ACIDS

WHAT IS NUCLEIC ACID & WHAT IS IT'S CHEMICAL COMPOSITION

• Complex organic substance present in living cells, especially DNA or RNA, whose molecules consist of many nucleotides linked in a long chain.
• Phosphorus, Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, & Nitrogen

FUNCTION & EXAMPLES

• Function: Stores Genetic Material
• Examples: Monomer:Nucleotides Polymers: DNA, RNA