ORGANELLES

NUCLEUS

• Controls cell activity
• Contains genetic material
• Large oval

NUCLEOLUS

• Makes ribosomes
• Round structure located inside the nucleus

NUCLEAR ENVELOPE

• Controls the movement of materials in and out of the cell
• Thin covering around the nucleus

CHROMATIN

• DNA is combined with protein and forms a loose network of bumpy threads
• Fibers become coiled into chromosomes during mitosis
• In the nucleus; mass of genetic material

PLASMA MEMBRANE

• Regulates what enters and exits the cell
• Boundary between cell and environment
• Phospholipid bilayer

CILIA

• Move liquid past the surface of the cell
• Hair-like
• Short, but numerous

FLAGELLA

• Helps with movement through water
• Also known as "tails"
• Long, but short in number

MITOCHONDRIA

• Breaks down sugar molecules to release energy
• Site of cellular respiration
• Powerhouse of the cell
• Peanut shaped; double membrane

RIBOSOMES

• Synthesizes proteins
• Small bodies, free or attached to ER; made of RNA or proteins

SMOOTH eNDOPLASMIC RETICULUM

• Makes and distributes cellular products like hormones and lipids
• Regulates and releases calcium ions and processes toxins
• Long network of folded, tube like structures

ROUGH ENDOPLASMIC RETICULUM

• Serves as a site for protein and lipid synthesis; provides a large surface where cellular functions can take place
• Looks like the smooth ER but covered in ribosomes

GOLGI APPARATUS

• Modifies proteins made by the cell
• Packages and exports proteins
• Stacks of flattened sacks

LYSOSOME

• Breaks down large food molecules into smaller food molecules
• Digests old cell parts
• Small and round with single membrane

MICROFILAMENT

• Help form the structure that allows a cell to hold its shape and move its organelles
• Long, thin, and stringy proteins

MICROTUBULE

• Combines with Microfilament to form cytoskeleton of the cell
• Thick, long spirals

CENTRIOLE

• Separate chromosome pairs during mitosis; forms spindles during division
• Made of a cylinder of microtubule pairs

VESICLE

• Stores and transports substances throughout the cell
• Fluid or air-filled sacs